ETIOLOGY OF ALLERGIC REACTIONS IN PLATELETPHERESIS DONORS

1984年2月，DTM由人工转为自动化 血小板采集技术，为此目的采集四种 自动化细胞分离装置。 在接下来的三年里，11 在Fenwal CS-3000上进行单采程序的供体 器械出现急性超敏反应。 九 血小板去除术期间发生反应，4例反应 发生在粒细胞置换术过程中。 的目的 这项研究是为了确定过敏原负责这些 反应. 使用皮肤测试，放射性过敏吸附剂 试验，嗜碱性粒细胞组胺释放试验，特异性IgE- 对环氧乙烷介导的致敏作用，环氧乙烷是一种用于灭菌的气体， 塑料一次性血液成分分离试剂盒，在所有 血小板去除术供体出现反应，但在100例 无反应对照组。 初步数据还表明， 环氧乙烷是引起过敏的物质 粒细胞置换术期间的反应。 估计在 所有重复单采献血者中有1.0%可能成为 对环氧乙烷敏感并出现过敏症状 捐赠期间。 尽管这些反应都不是生命- 威胁，DTM正在继续测试来自 对环氧乙烷致敏，并推迟致敏个体 从后来的CS-3000捐赠中

In February, 1984, the DTM converted from manual to automated platelet collection techniques, acquiring for this purpose four automated cell separation devices. During the next 3 years, 11 donors undergoing apheresis procedures on the Fenwal CS-3000 device experienced acute hypersensitivity reactions. Nine reactions occurred during plateletpheresis and 4 reactions occurred during granulocytapheresis procedures. The purpose of this study was to identify the allergen responsible for these reactions. Using a combination of skin tests, radioallergosorbent tests, and basophil histamine release assays, specific IgE- mediated sensitization to ethylene oxide, a gas used to sterilize the plastic disposable apheresis kits, was found in all plateletpheresis donors experiencing reactions, but in none of 100 non-reacting controls. Preliminary data also suggests that ethylene oxide is the agent responsible for hypersensitivity reactions during granulocytapheresis. It is estimated that as many as 1.0% of all repeat apheresis donors may become sensitized to ethylene oxide and experience allergic symptoms during donation. Although none of these reactions have been life- threatening, the DTM is continuing to test apheresis donors from sensitization to ethylene oxide, and to defer sensitized individuals from subsequent CS-3000 donations.