THE FRONTAL LOBE AND THE CEREBRAL CONTROL OF ADAPTIVE SPATIAL-MOTOR BEHAVIOR

额叶和大脑对自适应空间运动行为的控制

• 批准号: 3759394
• 负责人: D J CRAMMOND
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3759394
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; body movement; ethology; frontal lobe /cortex; memory; neural information processing; single cell analysis; somatic afferent nerve; space perception

I have initiated a study of the behavioral neurophysiology of four major divisions of the frontal lobe of primates: the primary motor cortex (MI), the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd), the ventral premotor cortex (PMv), and, the supplementary motor area (SMA). A new laboratory for studying the activity of single cortical neurons and highly skilled reaching movements of the arm was set up in order to investigate the relationship between neuronal activity in frontal cortical motor areas and the processing of visual-spatial information presented to the monkey in instructed delay tasks. Monkeys will perform two variations of tasks involving the serial presentation of spatial information required in the preparation of multi-directional reaching movements. In one, either a previously learned or a novel movement sequence is prepared and executed by the monkey. This task will help identify which spatial aspects of reaching are preprocessed and encoded in neuronal activity at the cortical level in signals either retrieved from memory or generated de novo. In the other, servo motors at the shoulder and elbow joints are used to simulate collisions between the arm and "virtual" objects at specific locations along the movement trajectory. This task will help identify whether the spatial tuning of cortical neurons is part of a representational map of visual space, per se, or of the path of the intended movement through space. Furthermore, since the location, size, and shape of obstacles can be presented visually to the monkey, or, as perceived by the monkey using only somatosensory information from the moving arm, it will be possible to evaluate the contribution of frontal cortical neurons to the monkey's adaptive behavior as successive reaching movements are adjusted to avoid obstacles, and also, the source of afferent information, visual or somatosensory, used in this form of motor learning.

我发起了一项关于四个人的行为神经生理学的研究 灵长类动物额叶的主要部分：初级运动 皮层 (MI)、背侧前运动皮层 (PMd)、腹侧前运动皮层 皮层 (PMv) 和辅助运动区 (SMA)。一个新的实验室 用于研究单个皮质神经元的活动和高技能 设置手臂的伸展运动是为了研究 额叶皮层运动区神经元活动之间的关系 以及呈现给视觉空间信息的处理 猴子在指示延迟任务中。猴子会表演两种变化 涉及空间信息串行呈现的任务 准备多方向伸展动作时需要。 其中之一是先前学过的或新颖的运动序列 由猴子准备并执行。此任务将有助于确定哪些 到达的空间方面在神经元中进行预处理和编码 从记忆中检索到的信号中皮质水平的活动 或从头生成。另一方面，伺服电机位于肩部和 肘关节用于模拟手臂和手臂之间的碰撞 沿着运动轨迹位于特定位置的“虚拟”物体。 这项任务将有助于确定皮质的空间调整是否 神经元本身是视觉空间表征图的一部分，或者 预期的空间运动路径。此外，由于 障碍物的位置、大小、形状直观呈现 对于猴子来说，或者，猴子仅使用体感来感知 来自移动臂的信息，将可以评估 额叶皮层神经元对猴子适应性的贡献 调整连续到达动作以避免的行为 障碍物，以及传入信息的来源，视觉或 体感，用于这种形式的运动学习。