MUTAGEN FORMATION DURING THE PYROLYSIS AND OXIDATION OF LIQUID WASTES

在大多数情况下，焚烧炉排放的潜在有害气体 是运行条件混乱的后果，是暂时的，可以 在组成和数量上差异很大，因此很难 完全刻画。改进的主要研究需要 超级基金场地焚化炉的可靠性和可接受性是 因此，更好地了解可以被 产生，它们的毒性，并开发一种连续的监测， 提供了一个信号，与潜在的 诱变剂。拟议项目的目标是 在替代废物燃烧过程中形成的化学物质，使用 用于指导化合物提名的细菌和人体细胞分析 更详细的毒理学研究，以及对使用 激光诱导荧光(LIF)作为连续监测。化学物质 不完全产物的组成、致突变性和激光诱导荧光信号 液滴在包络火焰和尾迹火焰中的燃烧 将对模式进行研究。实验条件的选择是为了 生成由液滴燃烧产生的化合物的类别 在扩散和部分预混合条件下。初步研究 已经表明，燃烧产生的主要诱变剂，如 用细菌细胞测定法和酶活化法测定 容易检测到的多环芳烃 按LIF计算的十亿分之几的部分。这个项目的主要推动力是 因此，要继续现有的关于鉴定的研究 焚烧炉废气中的化合物，通过使用 细菌和人体细胞检测，并评估LIF作为 连续堆叠监控器。这项研究的一个组成部分将是 进一步加深我们对病毒组成和致突变性的理解 不完全燃烧的产物受燃烧条件的影响 和燃料类型。另一个目标是将结果从 实验室通过在3兆瓦上测试LIF仪器到现场 麻省理工学院项目第二年和现场的热力试验设施 在第三年。

In a majority of cases, potentially harmful emissions from incinerators are consequences of upsets in operating conditions, are transient, can vary greatly in composition and amount, and are therefore difficult to completely characterize. Major research needs for improving the reliability and acceptability of incinerators at Superfund sites are therefore a better understanding of the classes of chemicals that can be produced, their toxicity, and for developing a continuous monitor that provides a signal that correlates well with the emissions of potential mutagens. The aims of the proposed project are the characterization of the chemicals formed during the combustion of surrogate wastes, using bacterial and human cell assays to guide the nomination of compounds for more detailed toxicological studies, and the investigation of the use of laser induced fluorescence (LIF) as a continuous monitor. The chemical composition, mutagenicity, and LIF signal of the products of incomplete combustion of liquid droplets burning in both envelope and wake flame modes will be studied. The experimental conditions are selected to generate the classes of compounds produced from droplet combustion burning under diffusion and partially premixed conditions. Preliminary studies have indicated that the principal mutagens produced by combustion, as measured by bacterial cell assays with enzymatic activation, are the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons which are readily detected down to the part per billion level by LIF. The major thrusts of this project are therefore to continue the existing study on the identification of compounds in the exhaust of incinerators that are mutagens by the use of bacterial and human cell assays and to evaluate the potential of LIF as continuous stack monitor. An integral part of the study will be to further our understanding of how the composition and mutagenicity of the products of incomplete combustion are influenced by combustion conditions and fuel type. An additional objective is to translate the results from the laboratory to the field by testing the LIF instrument on a 3 MW thermal pilot facility at MIT in year two of the project and in the field in year three.