THEORETICAL STUDIES OF DYNAMICAL PROCESSES IN CHEMICAL PHYSICS AND BIOPHYSICS

化学物理和生物物理动力学过程的理论研究

• 批准号: 3776286
• 负责人: R ZWANZIG
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3776286
• 关键词: bacteria; biophysics; cell motility; chemical kinetics; chemical models; chemotaxis; computer simulation; conformation; molecular shape; molecular size; protein folding; protein structure; viscosity

Several different topics were studied. (1) A general survey was made of experiments and theory of bacterial chemotaxis. The main interest was to see if one could establish a connection between the essentially biophysical measurements of Berg and others, and the essentially biochemical investigations of Koshland and others. This work continues. (2) When an unsymmetrical molecule (e.g. a protein) moves in a viscous liquid, there is a coupling of viscous forces and torques due to its translation and rotation. When this coupling occurs, it can seriously affect the interpretation of measured translational and rotational diffusion coefficients in terms of molecular size and shape. The theory of this hydrodynamic coupling due to Wegener was verified and then worked out explicitly for a deformed sphere. (3) Two kinds of motion can occur in polymers; one is a local motion involving, e.g., conformational changes, and the other is a global or librational motion involving the entire polymer. Moro pointed out that there can be interactions between these two kinds of motion. This requires a re-working of some of the theory of polymer solution dynamics.

研究了几个不同的主题。 (1)一项普查是由 细菌趋化性的实验和理论。 主要的兴趣是 看看是否能在本质上的生物物理学 贝格和其他人的测量，以及基本的生化 Koshland和其他人的调查。 这项工作仍在继续。 (2)当 不对称分子（例如蛋白质）在粘性液体中移动， 由于其平移而产生的粘性力和扭矩的耦合， 旋转 当这种耦合发生时，它会严重影响 测量的平移和旋转扩散的解释 分子大小和形状的系数。 这个理论 验证了Wegener流体力学耦合，并计算出 一个变形的球体。 (3)两种运动可以发生在 聚合物;一个是局部运动，例如，构象变化， 另一种是涉及整个地球的整体运动或平动运动 聚合物的 摩罗指出，这两者之间可以有相互作用， 各种运动。 这就需要重新研究一些理论， 聚合物溶液动力学