Multi-level governance, REDD+ and synergies between climate change mitigation and adaptation

多层次治理、REDD以及气候变化减缓与适应之间的协同作用

• 批准号: ES/K00879X/1
• 负责人: Monica Di Gregorio
• 金额: $ 31.74万
• 依托单位: University of Leeds
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2013 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FK00879X%2F1
• 关键词: Multi; level; governance; REDD+; synergies

It is only recently that the international community has recognised the importance of exploring the linkages between climate change mitigation and adaptation. Investigating such complementarities is particularly relevant for forest-based mitigation and adaptation in the developing world, because forests serve both as carbon sinks and as a source of livelihood for local communities. Despite this until recently, forest mitigation and adaptation have been considered separately by global negotiators and national policymakers. The main mechanism for forest mitigation is a market mechanism called REDD+ (reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation - plus). At the moment a number of developing country governments are developing national REDD+ strategies. At the same time the same governments are formulating national policies for climate change adaptation. A study that investigates the synergies between forest mitigation and adaptation and how policy processes should be integrated is therefore timely and important. This research project seeks to understand the extent to which policy processes related to forest mitigation and adaptation should be integrated at different scales (global, national and local) in order to deliver effective emission reductions and development compatible outcomes. It will identify existing governance constraints to such integration and explore how they can be overcome.Policy processes addressing forest mitigation and adaptation of forest dependent communities to climate change operate at multiple scales. In addition, the scale dimension differs across the two policy domains. REDD+ policies are developed at the national level, yet need to be informed by local level realities in order to be effectively implemented. Adaptation of local communities occurs locally, yet national policies need to be in place in order to support adaptive capacity of these communities and reduce their vulnerability. In investigating multi-level governance processes, this research contributes originally to the interdisciplinary literature on multi-level forest governance as well as the literature on climate change mitigation and adaptation. In examining the governance constraints and opportunities for integration, this project will inform ongoing global and national policy processes about how to improve effectiveness of policy formulation and implementation. The study will be undertaken in two countries - Brazil and Indonesia - that are at the forefront of REDD+ policy formulation and that contain among the most extensive remaining tropical forests in the world. Methods include: a) a multi-level policy network analysis of the forest mitigation and adaptation domains; b) discourse analysis of semi-structured interviews with policy actors at different scales; c) the analysis of policy documents. The discourse analysis will be used to understand the meaning of network relations among policy actors and identify policy coalitions. The integration of social networks and discourse analysis will help to understand the complexity of political relations among actors, and the interaction between political and institutional structure and agency. These elements will allow opportunities for and constraints to policy integration to be identified.The project will be the first comparative political study investigating how to better integrate national forest mitigation and adaptation strategies in Brazil and Indonesia. It will inform global and national policies that aim to deliver effective carbon emission reductions from forests as well as reduce the vulnerability of forest dependent communities. The study will shed new light on the synergies in these two policy areas and will help to identify how to overcome current political constraints and take advantage of existing opportunities to deliver more effective carbon emission reductions while enhancing adaptive capacity of forest dependent communities.

国际社会只是在最近才认识到探索减缓气候变化与适应气候变化之间联系的重要性。调查这种互补性对发展中国家基于森林的减缓和适应特别重要，因为森林既是碳汇，也是当地社区的生计来源。尽管如此，直到最近，全球谈判者和国家决策者一直在分别考虑森林减缓和适应问题。森林减缓的主要机制是一种称为REDD+（减少毁林和森林退化所致排放量+）的市场机制。目前，一些发展中国家政府正在制定国家REDD+战略。与此同时，这些国家的政府正在制定适应气候变化的国家政策。因此，研究森林减缓和适应之间的协同作用以及如何整合政策进程是及时和重要的。本研究项目旨在了解与森林减缓和适应有关的政策进程应在多大程度上在不同尺度（全球、国家和地方）上得到整合，以实现有效的减排和与发展兼容的成果。它将查明对这种一体化的现有治理制约因素，并探讨如何克服这些制约因素，涉及森林减缓和以林为生社区适应气候变化的政策进程在多个层面上运作。此外，这两个策略域的规模维度也不同。降排+政策是在国家一级制定的，但需要了解地方一级的现实情况，以便有效实施。地方社区的适应是在当地进行的，但需要制定国家政策，以支持这些社区的适应能力，减少其脆弱性。在调查多层次的治理过程中，这项研究最初贡献了多层次森林治理的跨学科文献以及气候变化减缓和适应的文献。在审查治理制约因素和一体化机会时，本项目将为正在进行的全球和国家政策进程提供关于如何提高政策制定和执行效力的信息。这项研究将在两个国家-巴西和印度尼西亚-进行，这两个国家处于REDD+政策制定的前沿，拥有世界上最广泛的热带森林。方法包括：（a）森林减缓和适应领域的多层次政策网络分析;（B）对不同规模的政策行为者进行半结构化访谈的话语分析;（c）对政策文件的分析。话语分析将被用来理解政策行为者之间的网络关系的含义，并确定政策联盟。将社交网络与话语分析相结合，有助于理解政治行动者之间复杂的政治关系，以及政治和制度结构与能动性之间的相互作用。这些要素将有助于查明政策整合的机会和制约因素，该项目将是第一个比较政治研究，调查如何更好地整合巴西和印度尼西亚的国家森林减缓和适应战略。它将为全球和国家政策提供信息，这些政策旨在实现有效的森林碳减排，并降低依赖森林的社区的脆弱性。这项研究将进一步阐明这两个政策领域的协同作用，并将有助于确定如何克服当前的政治制约因素，利用现有机会更有效地减少碳排放，同时提高以林为生社区的适应能力。

项目成果

The forest frontier in the Global South: Climate change policies and the promise of development and equity.

• DOI: 10.1007/s13280-021-01602-1
• 发表时间: 2021-12
• 期刊: Ambio
• 影响因子: 6.5
• 作者: Brockhaus M;Di Gregorio M;Djoudi H;Moeliono M;Pham TT;Wong GY
• 通讯作者: Wong GY

Integrating mitig ation and adaptation in climate and land use poli cies in Indonesia: a policy d ocument a nalysis

将减缓和适应纳入印度尼西亚的气候和土地利用政策：政策文件分析

• 发表时间: 2015
• 作者: Di Gregorio, M.

Integrating adaptation and mitigation in climate change and land-use policies in Peru

将适应和减缓纳入秘鲁的气候变化和土地利用政策

• 发表时间: 2015
• 作者: Pramova E

Climate change policy networks: connecting adaptation and mitigation in multiplex networks in Peru

气候变化政策网络：秘鲁多重网络中的适应和减缓连接

• DOI: 10.1080/14693062.2020.1730153
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Climate Policy
• 影响因子: 7.1
• 作者: Locatelli B

Multi-level governance and power in climate change policy networks

• DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2018.10.003
• 发表时间: 2019-01-01
• 期刊: GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE-HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS
• 影响因子: 8.9
• 作者: Di Gregorio, Monica;Fatorelli, Leandra;Kusumadewi, Sonya Dyah
• 通讯作者: Kusumadewi, Sonya Dyah