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Right Wing Extremism in Contemporary Europe

当代欧洲的右翼极端主义

基本信息

批准号：
ES/L000857/1
负责人：
Hilary Pilkington
金额：
$ 3.86万
依托单位：
University of Manchester
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2014 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FL000857%2F1
关键词：
Right Wing Extremism Contemporary Europe

项目摘要

The proposed seminar series seeks to enhance our understanding of contemporary right wing extremism in Europe from historical, social, cultural and political perspectives. The need for such enhanced knowledge arises from the recent electoral success of extreme right wing parties both in the 2009 European parliamentary elections (in which extreme right wing political parties won over 10% of the vote in the Netherlands, Austria and Bulgaria and almost 10% in Belgium and Romania) and in national parliaments (Golden Dawn took 7% of the vote in Greece in June 2012 but stand at double that in current public opinion polls, the True Finns took 19% in Finland, 2011). It is also necessitated by growing public and policy awareness of the extreme right, which has been heightened, in addition, by recent incidents of extreme right wing terrorism (Norway and Germany) and the growing visibility of grassroots activism (for example, the English Defence League (EDL), Casa Pound etc). Many of these movements increasingly have a transnational dimension.The proposed research seminar series starts from the premise that these political trends are in ascendance in some parts of Europe but not necessarily 'new'. It rejects any convenient ascription of the growing visibility and electoral presence of such political parties and movements to the resurgence of nationalism associated with the post-1989 reconfiguration of Europe or any simple argument for historical continuity in political culture.These movements sometimes draw on past legacies of fascist or Nazi parties but there is also evidence of new populist tropes among which Islamophobia and the defence of 'indigenous' rights are prominent. These starting premises signal a distinctive cross-discipinary stance, emerging out of the interweaving of approaches and methodologies from History and the Social Sciences, as well as a desire to avoid the temptation to contribute to a cycle of 'moral panic' or precipitous policy reaction to the phenomenon. The primary academic objective of the seminar series is envisaged, rather, as to provide an honest and critical understanding of the potential of extreme right movements to capture the political imagination of people across Europe and the shifting modalities of how they may do this. The seminar series aims to forge dialogue and extend connections between the academic research community and non-academic users of research on extreme right movements. The series will draw non-academic participants from national and local government, independent think tanks, police, security services, the prison and probation services and a range of national and European NGOs. A key question here relates to defining the issue at stake for academic, policy and practitioner communities by asking whether governments should be concerned only with groups perceived to pose a threat of terror, or whether legally constituted parties are also a legitimate object of attention. The seminar will address directly the question of the potential use of academic research in such policy debates and practical responses. The proposed series consists of six thematically focused one-day seminars exploring: classic explanations of the rise of extreme right movements (political disengagement, social inequality and the impact of economic recession, the backlash to 'multiculturalism' and fears arising from discourses of Islamic terrorism); the role of popular culture in signifying extreme right affectivity; youth receptivity to extreme right ideologies and movements; methodological and ethical issues arising from researching the extreme right; and the experience of and prospects for academic collaboration with policy-makers and practitioners.

拟议的系列研讨会旨在从历史、社会、文化和政治角度加强我们对欧洲当代右翼极端主义的理解。最近极右翼政党在2009年欧洲议会选举中的成功，（其中极右翼政党在荷兰赢得了超过10%的选票，奥地利和保加利亚以及比利时和罗马尼亚近10%）和国家议会（2012年6月，金色黎明党在希腊获得了7%的选票，但在目前的民意调查中，它的得票率是正统芬兰人党在芬兰获得19%选票的两倍，2011年）。这也是由于公众和政策对极右的认识不断提高，而最近发生的极右恐怖主义事件（挪威和德国）和基层行动主义日益明显（例如，英国保卫联盟、卡萨磅等）也提高了这种认识。这些运动中的许多运动越来越具有跨国性。拟议中的研究研讨会系列的前提是，这些政治趋势在欧洲某些地区正在上升，但不一定是“新”的。安理会拒绝将这些政党和运动日益引人注目和在选举中出现的任何方便的归因于与后危机有关的民族主义的复苏。这些运动有时借鉴法西斯或纳粹政党过去的遗产，但也有新的民粹主义比喻的证据，其中包括伊斯兰恐惧症和捍卫“原住民”权利凸显。这些起始前提标志着一个独特的跨学科的立场，从历史和社会科学的方法和方法的交织中出现，以及避免诱惑的愿望，以促进一个周期的“道德恐慌”或对这一现象的急剧政策反应。研讨会系列的主要学术目标是，相反，提供一个诚实的和批判性的了解极右运动的潜力，以捕捉整个欧洲人民的政治想象力和他们如何做到这一点的不断变化的模式。该系列研讨会旨在促进学术研究界与极右运动研究的非学术用户之间的对话和联系。该系列将吸引来自国家和地方政府、独立智库、警察、安全部门、监狱和缓刑部门以及一系列国家和欧洲非政府组织的非学术参与者。这里的一个关键问题涉及界定学术界、政策界和从业者所关心的问题，即政府是否应只关注被认为构成恐怖威胁的团体，或者合法组成的政党是否也是一个合法的关注对象。研讨会将直接讨论在这种政策辩论和实际对策中可能利用学术研究的问题。拟议的系列包括六个主题集中的为期一天的研讨会探索：极右运动兴起的经典解释（政治脱离，社会不平等和经济衰退的影响，对“多元文化主义”的反弹和伊斯兰恐怖主义话语引起的恐惧）;流行文化在标志极右情绪中的作用;青年对极右意识形态和运动的接受程度;从研究极右产生的方法和伦理问题;以及与政策制定者和实践者进行学术合作的经验和前景。