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Representation of transnational human trafficking in present-day news media, true crime, and fiction

当今新闻媒体、真实犯罪和小说中跨国人口贩运的表现

基本信息

批准号：
ES/P001130/1
负责人：
Christiana Gregoriou
金额：
$ 10.38万
依托单位：
University of Leeds
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2016 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FP001130%2F1
关键词：
Representation transnational human trafficking present

项目摘要

Despite the fact that human trafficking is condemned as a modern-day form of slavery, criminalized under international law, and categorized as a human rights violation, this exploitative practice now represents a multibillion-dollar industry for transnational organized crime. The failure to address the problem holistically means that it has now become an urgent priority. European Union directives (2011/2014) indicate that an integrated and human-rights oriented approach is needed to combat this "complex crime", including the provision of protection and support for its victims, as well as wider education and awareness-raising campaigns. Meanwhile, police and governments face investigative and crime-fighting challenges, due to the flexibility and relative speed with which organized crime can adapt its transnational operations, often by activating overlapping circles and layers of networks, interaction and expertise. The primary purpose of this research is to investigate the portrayal of transnational human trafficking in contemporary crime fiction, the genre of true crime, and news media. This research will investigate how aligned such representations of trafficking are, whilst assuming that fictional and supposed factual representations as well as wider media coverage (which blurs fact and fiction - see e.g. Surette 1998) can shape public knowledge and perception of such crime, and indeed inform offender/victim and law enforcement policy (Mathers, 2004). Specifically, our research into human trafficking will consider the interrelated representations of victims, the investigation/policing/prevention of trafficking and the wider framing of public perceptions concerning transnational governance and global justice. Key areas of inquiry include:1. Identifying victims of trafficking is complex, and investigations are slow, painstaking, time-consuming, and increasingly difficult. Yet, this element of complexity may not lend itself to the perceived desires of readerships for news reporting or crime fiction narratives in the global marketplace. We intend to examine to what extent trafficking is over-simplified and/or sensationalised, as well as assess to what extent investigative reporting and literature can contribute to expanded world knowledge, insight and public discourse, concerning the identification, protection and support of victims. 2. We will engage with the thematic and textual methods that narratives employ to investigate transnational trafficking. This involves a consideration of how texts incorporate existing and new knowledge, and lend visibility to the experience of exploited subjects by drawing attention to the politics of representation. With the assistance of Gravett's Special Policing Consultancy, we also consider the ways these texts address the challenges for global governance and policing at various scales.3. Greater public awareness and knowledge is important to combat human trafficking. We will explore the varied ideologies and politics of human trafficking, in connection with wider discourses about global in/justice. For instance, we scope the diegetic narratives of trafficking within a range of fictional and non-fictional 'true crime' media, to explore how stories of the 'moral panic' around trafficking are constructed and used within such sources, as mechanisms for raising public awareness, but also as potential areas of political expediency by key actors involved. The emergent research findings will be disseminated through an essay collection, a policy brief, a public blog and twitter feed, as well as a symposium/outreach activities, thus contributing to wider academic knowledge and public dialogue surrounding the investigation, policing and prevention of human trafficking as well as support for its victims.

尽管人口贩运被视为一种现代形式的奴隶制，根据国际法被定为刑事犯罪，并被归类为侵犯人权行为，但这种剥削行为现在代表了跨国有组织犯罪的价值数十亿美元的产业。未能全面解决这个问题意味着它现在已成为当务之急。欧盟指令（2011/2014）表明，需要采取综合和以人权为导向的方法来打击这种“复杂犯罪”，包括为受害者提供保护和支持，以及更广泛的教育和提高认识活动。与此同时，警察和政府面临着调查和打击犯罪的挑战，因为有组织犯罪通常通过激活重叠的圈子和网络层、互动和专业知识来调整其跨国行动，具有灵活性和相对速度。本研究的主要目的是调查当代犯罪小说、真实犯罪类型和新闻媒体中对跨国人口贩运的描述。这项研究将调查这种对贩运的表述如何一致，同时假设虚构和假定的事实表述以及更广泛的媒体报道（这模糊了事实和虚构——参见 Surette 1998）可以塑造公众对此类犯罪的认识和看法，并确实为犯罪者/受害者和执法政策提供信息（Mathers，2004）。具体来说，我们对人口贩运的研究将考虑受害者的相互关联的代表性、人口贩运的调查/治安/预防以及公众对跨国治理和全球正义的更广泛看法。调查的关键领域包括：1．识别人口贩运受害者非常复杂，调查缓慢、艰苦、耗时，而且越来越困难。然而，这种复杂性可能无法满足全球市场上读者对新闻报道或犯罪小说叙事的感知需求。我们打算研究人口贩运在多大程度上被过度简单化和/或耸人听闻，并评估调查报告和文献在多大程度上有助于扩大有关受害者识别、保护和支持的世界知识、洞察力和公共话语。 2. 我们将采用叙事所采用的主题和文本方法来调查跨国贩运。这涉及到对文本如何结合现有知识和新知识的考虑，并通过引起对代表性政治的关注来使被剥削主体的经验可见性。在格拉维特特别警务咨询公司的协助下，我们还考虑了这些文本如何应对不同规模的全球治理和警务挑战。3．提高公众意识和知识对于打击人口贩运非常重要。我们将结合有关全球正义的更广泛讨论，探讨人口贩运的各种意识形态和政治。例如，我们将人口贩运的叙事叙事纳入一系列虚构和非虚构的“真实犯罪”媒体范围内，以探索如何在这些来源中构建和使用围绕人口贩运的“道德恐慌”故事，作为提高公众意识的机制，同时也作为相关关键参与者政治权宜之计的潜在领域。新的研究成果将通过论文集、政策简报、公共博客和推特以及研讨会/外展活动进行传播，从而有助于围绕人口贩运的调查、警务和预防以及对受害者的支持提供更广泛的学术知识和公众对话。