ADAPTATION OF LABORATORY REARED MONKEYS TO FIELD ENVIRONMENTS

这个项目调查恒河猴和其他灵长类物种是如何出生的 并在不同的实验室条件下饲养，以适应放置在 自然的户外环境，并将这种适应过程与 在自然环境和室内环境中看到的 猴子自然栖息地的特定物理和社会特征。 适应性是通过检查行为指令表和通过 监测这些受试者的各种生理系统，产生 基础广泛的相对身心健康指数。 在90财年期间，继续进行以下详细的纵向比较 一小群多代恒河猴的成员，生活在 5英亩的室外围栏和第二个多代群体的成员 在室内环境中保持一段时间。详细分析 婴幼儿和青少年群体成员表现出的游戏行为 物种--游戏数量和类型上的标准年龄和性别差异， 以及与住房环境类型的交互作用。一种新的 喂养集体饲养的恒河猴的程序 活动周期的有利变化和特定的行为和 生理变化，以及减少费用和看守人员 时间，是开发和实施的。特殊的觅食装置也被 用于生成空间记忆和观察分组的新测试 在恒河猴和无尾猴两组中。比较发展 白头翁在野外和圈养环境中的发声行为研究 的发声行为和空间结构进行了分析 两种松鼠猴的自然种群继续存在。 最后，在与DRS科学家的合作下，一种廉价的浓缩 为独居灵长类动物开发和测试了设备，结果 显著、长期地减少异常行为模式。

This project investigates how rhesus monkeys and other primate species born and raised under different laboratory conditions adapt to placement into naturalistic outdoor environments and compares this adaptation process to that seen in natural settings and in indoor environments that contain specific physical and social features of the monkeys' natural habitat. Adaptation is assessed by examining behavioral repertoires and by monitoring a variety of physiological systems in these subjects, yielding broad-based indices of relative physical and psychological well-being. During FY90 detailed longitudinal comparisons were continued between members of a small multigenerational troop of rhesus monkeys living in a 5-acre outdoor enclosure and members of a second multigenerational group maintained in indoor settings over a comparable period. Detailed analyses of play behavior exhibited by infant and juvenile group members yielded species-normative age and sex differences in the amount and type of play, as well as interactions with the type of housing environment. A new procedure for feeding group-housed rhesus monkeys that resulted in favorable changes in activity cycles and specific behavioral and physiological changes, as well as reducing expense and caretaker staff time, was developed and implemented. Special foraging devices were also utilized to generate new tests of spatial memory and observational teaming in both rhesus monkey and Cebus apella groups. A comparative developmental study of vocal behavior of Cebus apella in field and captive environments was initiated, and analysis of vocal behavior and spatial structure in natural populations of two species of squirrel monkeys was continued. Finally, in collaboration with DRS scientists, an inexpensive enrichment device for singly housed primates was developed and tested, resulting in significant, long-term reduction of abnormal behavior patterns.