ADAPTATION OF LABORATORY REARED MONKEYS TO FIELD ENVIRONMENTS

本研究对一组13岁的青少年进行了纵向研究， 恒河猴和它们的两代后代， 一年四季都在NIHAC的5英亩的围栏里。 的 13岁的成年人都是在实验室出生的，在托儿所人工饲养， 然后组成一个男女混合的同龄人小组 尽管事实上 这些中年猴子（或它们的后代）中没有一只 自从它们第一次被转移到 在户外，作为青少年，他们一直表现出充分的恭维， 物种规范的社会行为和群体组织的报告， 恒河猴在野生环境中出生和生活的日期。 期间 在过去一年， 5-英亩的围栏，限制了5个月的观测数据收集 期 然而，收集到的数据继续证实， 成年个体和个体发育的物种规范行为模式 婴儿的变化，群体的特征社会组织， 沿着母系路线， 在部队成员中，最明显的是优势的下降， 青春期男性的边缘化，以及成功的产妇护理， 由第二代女性展示。 此外，另一名婴儿出生 集团外的成功交叉培养的创始人之一， 一项研究发现， 探讨工具使用样传递的操作技巧 作为年龄和母系血统的函数的行为开始了。 计划 对于第二个和第三个外壳，数据收集已启动 一些将被放进新围栏的猴子身上。 最后，与加勒比灵长类动物中心的合作安排 （萨瓦纳塞卡，波多黎各）发起的目的是收集 一个野生恒河猴群目前生活在一个类似的 几英亩的围栏，为了与现在的直接比较， 学习小组。

This project involves the longitudinal study of a group of 13-year-old rhesus monkeys and two generations of their progeny, all of whom live year-round in a 5-acre enclosure on the grounds of the NIHAC. The 13-year-old adults were all laboratory born, hand-reared in a nursery, and subsequently put together as a mixed-sex peer group. Despite the fact that none of these now middle-aged monkeys (nor any of their progeny) have had any physical exposure to any other monkeys, since they were first moved outdoors as juveniles they have consistently exhibited the full compliment of species-normative social behavior and group organization reported to date for rhesus monkeys born and living in feral environments. During the past year major modifications were made to the monkey shelter within the 5-acre enclosure, restricting observational data collection for a 5-month period. Nevertheless, those data that were collected continued to verify the species-normative behavioral patterns in the adults and ontogenic changes in the infants, the characteristic social organization of the troop along matriarchal lines, the species-appropriate changes in social rank among troop members, most notably the drop in dominance and eventual peripheralization of adolescent males, and the successful maternal care displayed by second-generation females. In addition, another infant born outside the group was successfully cross-fostered to one of the founder females who had just delivered a still-born infant, and a study investigating the manipulative skills of transmission of tool-use-like behavior as a function of age and matriarchal lineage was initiated. Plans for a second and third enclosure progressed, with data collection initiated on some of the monkeys who will be released into the new enclosures. Finally, collaborative arrangements with the Caribbean Primate Center (Sabana Seca, Puerto Rico) were initiated for the purpose of collecting parallel data on a feral rhesus monkey troop currently living in a similar multi-acre enclosure, in order to make direct comparisons with the present study group.