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Accelerating innovation in new mobility services: matching sustainable new business models to local potential.

加速新出行服务的创新：将可持续的新商业模式与当地潜力相匹配。

基本信息

批准号：
ES/S001743/1
负责人：
Ian Philips
金额：
$ 42.29万
依托单位：
University of Leeds
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2018 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FS001743%2F1
关键词：
Accelerating innovation new mobility services

项目摘要

This is an exciting yet somewhat uncertain point of transition for the transport sector. The media frequently carries news stories on innovations in cleaner transport technologies (particularly electric vehicles) and visions for how people will travel in the future. These visions are dominated by new mobility services (NMS). They include sharing schemes for cars, bikes and taxis. All are based on Information and Communications Technology such as joining smartphones and apps, with vehicles and devices that are 'smart'. The other common feature is that NMS all have a connection to data and usually 'big data'. Smart cards and apps harvest data as do insurance telematics boxes in cars. Bikes from sharing schemes can be tracked with GPS, companies are basing their business models, pricing and marketing on harvested big data. Meanwhile government collects millions of MOT test certificates each year, and carries out travel surveys, CCTV cameras with number plate recognition are a common feature of many cities. This rapid digitisation and connectivity might help make better use of existing infrastructure, create new business opportunities change the way people own vehicles and pay for travel. There is some evidence that the way people choose to travel 'their mobility preferences' at least among the younger generation is changing. NMS might make travel easier and better for some groups of people in some places. These emerging changes could dramatically reduce energy demand from personal transport if certain issues are dealt with together. There has to be a reasonable potential market for a NMS to be viable but the local transport planners also have to understand how the NMS would affect the transport system and the workings of the city. To provide this understanding we need to know the relationships between local travel patterns such as where people live and where they need to get to, transport infrastructure (like the state of roads, railways and bike lanes), the social and demographic factors that affect whether a person can afford or physically get access to a NMS, the state of labour and job markets and where new vehicle technologies and services are available. If city planners or NMS providers do not examine the range of information about different issues, the new technologies and services could lead to lead to greater demand for mobility for example people might make more journeys and go further resulting in more transport energy use. NMS might only be offered in some areas where large numbers of customers could pay high prices, making it relatively harder for poor or rural areas to get access to services, jobs and other activities. There is also a potential problem that if governments and local authorities do not have appropriate policies and regulations in place to govern the gathering ownership and use of big mobility data, then there might be a loss of public control over data and the ability to steer developments to meet societal objectives. In other words, the risks are that the rapid arrival of such businesses could simply add to the familiar story that people are told that new products are energy efficient and thus sustainable but in actual fact they are not really sustainable because they have negative social and environmental impacts This project will take an 'interdisciplinary perspective' which means it will link and analyse data from government and private organisations but also work with transport policy makers to understand the local social and environmental issues that need to be considered to make changes in mobility in particular places work socially, economically and environmentally.

这是一个令人兴奋但又有些不确定的交通部门的过渡点。媒体经常报道有关清洁交通技术（特别是电动汽车）创新的新闻报道以及人们未来出行方式的愿景。这些愿景由新移动服务（NMS）主导。其中包括汽车、自行车和出租车的共享计划。所有这些都基于信息和通信技术，例如将智能手机和应用程序与“智能”的车辆和设备相结合。另一个共同的特点是，NMS都与数据连接，通常是“大数据”。智能卡和应用程序收集数据，就像汽车中的保险远程信息处理盒一样。共享计划中的自行车可以通过GPS进行跟踪，公司正在将其商业模式，定价和营销基于收集的大数据。与此同时，政府每年收集数百万份MOT考试证书，并进行旅行调查，带有车牌识别的闭路电视摄像头是许多城市的共同特征。这种快速的数字化和连通性可能有助于更好地利用现有的基础设施，创造新的商业机会，改变人们拥有汽车和支付旅行费用的方式。有一些证据表明，人们选择旅行的方式“他们的移动偏好”正在发生变化，至少在年轻一代中是这样。NMS可能会使某些地方的某些人群的旅行更容易和更好。如果将某些问题一并处理，这些新出现的变化可能会大大减少个人交通工具的能源需求。NMS必须有一个合理的潜在市场才能生存，但当地的交通规划者也必须了解NMS将如何影响交通系统和城市的运作。为了提供这种理解，我们需要了解当地旅行模式之间的关系，例如人们居住的地方和他们需要到达的地方，交通基础设施（如道路，铁路和自行车道的状况），影响人们是否负担得起或实际获得NMS的社会和人口因素，劳动力和就业市场的状况以及新的车辆技术和服务。如果城市规划者或NMS提供商不检查有关不同问题的信息范围，新技术和服务可能会导致对移动性的更大需求，例如人们可能会进行更多的旅行并走得更远，从而导致更多的交通能源使用。NMS可能只在一些地区提供，在这些地区，大量的客户可能会支付高昂的价格，这使得贫困或农村地区相对更难获得服务，就业和其他活动。还有一个潜在的问题是，如果政府和地方当局没有适当的政策和法规来管理大移动数据的收集、所有权和使用，那么公众可能会失去对数据的控制，以及引导发展以实现社会目标的能力。换句话说，风险在于，这些企业的迅速到来可能只是增加了人们熟悉的故事，即人们被告知新产品是节能的，因此是可持续的，但实际上它们并不是真正可持续的，因为它们具有负面的社会和环境影响。与交通政策制定者合作，了解需要考虑的当地社会和环境问题，以改变特定地方的交通方式，在社会、经济和环境方面发挥作用。