Gender, migration, and forced labour: understanding migrant women's work and exploitation in the Ghanaian economy
性别、移民和强迫劳动:了解加纳经济中移民妇女的工作和剥削
基本信息
- 批准号:ES/V004468/1
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 29.35万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Research Grant
- 财政年份:2022
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2022 至 无数据
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Women and migrant workers are disproportionately vulnerable to forced labour globally (ILO, 2017; 2018). In sub-Saharan Africa, there are around 12 million migrant workers, of which 3.6 million are women (ILO, 2018:17). Ghana is a lower-middle-income African country with important connections to regional and global supply chains and labour markets. The country faces profound challenges relating to decent work, gender inequality, and poverty, which creates fertile terrain for more severe forms of exploitation and abuse. In development discourse, there is an assumption that women's vulnerability is rooted in unequal microlevel power relations, structures of "African patriarchy", and/or harmful cultural practices. Women and children are typically portrayed as passive "victims" of extreme exploitation--trafficking, sexual slavery, forced marriage--in need to "rescue" (McGrath and Watson, 2018). However, narratives of "victimhood" and "rescue" are insufficient to explain the drivers and facets of labour unfreedom among women and, moreover, obscure the complex, differentiated realities of forced labour for women workers across the Global South, including sub-Saharan Africa. This project will address this by providing robust social scientific evidence on vulnerability to and experiences of forced labour, using a political economy approach.The principal aim of this project is to generate an in-depth understanding of forced labour among migrant women workers, with a particular focus on Ghana. Through a multi-site case study of three sectors--domestic work, sex work, and cocoa--the study will generate data to: analyse the character and role of forced labour among women migrants in these sectors; to delineate the drivers and mechanisms of vulnerability and exploitation; and to identify policy and practical tools to address this. A single-country case study of Ghana has been selected for two primary reasons: firstly, because this approach will generate a detailed, fine-grained multi-sector comparison, which will move forward understandings of vulnerability and severe labour exploitation among migrant women in Africa; secondly, because I am uniquely positioned to carry out this project, given my extensive experience of conducting ethical and high-impact research amongst vulnerable populations in Ghana.Since this project looks at migration, gender, and forced labour, it has significant capacity for impact, both at a national and international level. The mixed methods research design will deliver reliable, systematically collected data that will be especially valuable to governments, policymakers, international organisations, civil society actors, and activists in the fields of modern slavery, decent work, and international development. In terms of impact, the outcomes of this project will move forward mainstream understandings of vulnerability to forced labour. Specifically, non-academic outputs will benefit three core impact audiences and policy debates. These are: 1) UK and European policymakers working on supply chain governance legislation and policy initiatives to combat forced labour, such as the UK Modern Slavery Act and the UK Call to Action to End Forced Labour, Modern Slavery and Human Trafficking, which continue to adopt a criminal justice-oriented 'slavery and trafficking' approach, rather than one of labour and decent work 2) UN Member States, particularly Ghana and other African states, international organisations such as the ILO, migration bodies such as the International Organization for Migration, and policymakers working on safe migration, namely the 2018 Global Compact for Migration, which aims to "address all aspects of international migration" (UN, 2018), but pays little attention to internal migration 3) Ghanaian policymakers concerned with addressing gender inequality in the informal economy, a live policy area in Ghana that has largely ignored the most severe forms of exploitation faced by women workers.
在全球范围内,妇女和移徙工人不成比例地容易受到强迫劳动的影响(国际劳工组织,2017年; 2018年)。在撒哈拉以南非洲,约有1200万移民工人,其中360万是女性(国际劳工组织,2018:17)。加纳是一个中低收入非洲国家,与区域和全球供应链及劳动力市场有着重要联系。该国面临着与体面工作、性别不平等和贫困有关的深刻挑战,这为更严重形式的剥削和虐待创造了肥沃的土壤。在发展讨论中,有一种假设认为,妇女的脆弱性根源于不平等的微观权力关系、“非洲父权制”结构和/或有害的文化习俗。妇女和儿童通常被描绘成极端剥削的被动“受害者”-贩运,性奴役,强迫婚姻-需要“拯救”(麦格拉思和沃森,2018年)。然而,“受害者”和“拯救”的叙述不足以解释妇女劳动不自由的驱动因素和方面,而且掩盖了包括撒哈拉以南非洲在内的全球南部地区女工强迫劳动的复杂和不同的现实。该项目将采用政治经济学方法,提供关于易受强迫劳动影响和经历强迫劳动的有力社会科学证据,以解决这一问题,其主要目的是深入了解移徙女工的强迫劳动问题,特别侧重于加纳。通过对三个部门-家务工作、性工作和可可-进行多地点个案研究,研究将产生数据,以分析这些部门中移徙妇女强迫劳动的性质和作用;描述易受伤害和剥削的驱动因素和机制;确定解决这一问题的政策和实用工具。之所以选择加纳的单一国家案例研究,主要有两个原因:第一,因为这一方法将产生详细的、精细的多部门比较,这将推动了解非洲移徙妇女的脆弱性和严重的劳动剥削;第二,因为我是执行这个项目的唯一人选,鉴于我在加纳弱势群体中开展道德和高影响力研究的丰富经验,由于该项目着眼于移民,性别和强迫劳动,它具有显著的影响力,在国家和国际层面。混合方法的研究设计将提供可靠的,系统收集的数据,这将是特别有价值的政府,决策者,国际组织,民间社会行为者和活动家在现代奴隶制,体面工作和国际发展领域。就影响而言,该项目的成果将推动对易受强迫劳动影响的主流理解。具体而言,非学术产出将有利于三个核心影响受众和政策辩论。这些是:1)英国和欧洲的政策制定者致力于制定供应链治理立法和政策举措,以打击强迫劳动,例如英国的《现代奴隶制法案》和英国的《终止强迫劳动、现代奴隶制和人口贩运行动呼吁》,这些法案继续采用以刑事司法为导向的“奴隶制和贩运”方法,而不是劳动和体面工作方法。特别是加纳和其他非洲国家、国际劳工组织等国际组织、国际移民组织等移民机构以及致力于安全移民的政策制定者,即2018年《全球移民契约》,旨在“解决国际移民的各个方面”。(联合国,2018年),但很少关注国内移民3)加纳决策者关注解决非正规经济中的性别不平等问题,这是加纳的一个活跃政策领域,在很大程度上忽视了女工面临的最严重形式的剥削。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Ellie Gore其他文献
Gender and Forced Labour: Understanding the Links in Global Cocoa Supply Chains
性别与强迫劳动:了解全球可可供应链中的联系
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2019 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.9
- 作者:
G. LeBaron;Ellie Gore - 通讯作者:
Ellie Gore
The Political Economy of the Weinstein Scandal
韦恩斯坦丑闻的政治经济学
- DOI:
10.1080/13600826.2022.2041558 - 发表时间:
2022 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:1.6
- 作者:
Liam Stanley;Ellie Gore;G. LeBaron;Sylvie Craig;Remi Edwards;Sophie Wall;Tom F. A. Watts - 通讯作者:
Tom F. A. Watts
Towards a trans-inclusive critical international political economy? Or why trans oppression matters for understanding capitalism and social reproduction
迈向跨性别包容的批判性国际政治经济?
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2024 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Ellie Gore - 通讯作者:
Ellie Gore
Ellie Gore的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Ellie Gore', 18)}}的其他基金
At the intersections: understanding LGBT rights, HIV prevention, and queer political activism in Ghana
十字路口:了解加纳的 LGBT 权利、艾滋病毒预防和酷儿政治活动
- 批准号:
ES/S011722/1 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 29.35万 - 项目类别:
Fellowship
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