PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, BODY WEIGHT, AGE, AND CORONARY RISK FACTORS

冠状动脉疾病（CAD）的危险因素包括年龄、代谢和 心血管因素（高脂血症、高血糖症、高血压）和 还有某些生活习惯（饮食、吸烟和体育活动 水平）。 众所周知，超重与这些因素有关。 更 最近，脂肪分布的模式正在成为一个重要的 贡献变量。 在巴尔的摩获得的参与者数据 对老年人纵向研究（BLSA）进行了分析。 体重指数 或BMI（体重/身高2）被用作超重指数， 腰围：臀围比（WHR）作为脂肪分布的量度 格局 二元和多元回归技术被用来 评估指定为"独立"的变量之间的相互关系 (age，BMI，WHR和身体活动水平）以及评估他们的 对指定为"依赖性"的变量（血清胆固醇， 甘油三酯、葡萄糖耐量、空腹血糖和收缩压， 舒张压）。 获得了习惯性身体活动水平 从每次访视完成的详细活动历史问卷中， 1965年，参加了大部分的BLSA。 习惯性活动水平 对冠状动脉危险因素的独立影响很小， 血清胆固醇水平 因此，虽然密集的体力活动可以 在实验室条件下显示， 在这项对自由生活人口的研究中， 活动的影响是最小的。 这些令人惊讶的负面结果 可以解释，如果体力活动发挥其影响，在这一点上， 人口通过作用于体重，使其失去了独立的 多变量分析的意义。 另一个警告是必要的： 人口研究，包括大量非常活跃的 个体可能表现出在该群体中未表现出的活性效应。 然而，这仍有待证明。

Risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) include age, metabolic and cardiovascular factors (hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, hypertension) and also certain living habits (diet, cigarette smoking, and physical activity level). Overweight is known to be associated with these factors. More recently, the pattern of fat distribution is emerging as an important contributory variable. Data obtained on participants in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) have been analyzed. The Body Mass Index or BMI (weight/height2) was used as an index of overweight and the waist:hip circumferential ratio (WHR) as a measure of fat distribution pattern. Both bivariate and multiple regression techniques were used to assess interrelationships among the variables designated as "independent" (age, BMI, WHR, and physical activity level) as well as to assess their influence on the variables designated as "dependent" (serum cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose tolerance, fasting plasma glucose and systolic and diastolic blood pressure). Habitual physical activity level was obtained from detailed activity history questionnaires completed on each visit since 1965 by most participants in the BLSA. The habitual activity level had very little independent effect on coronary risk factors except for the serum cholesterol level. Thus, although intensive physical activity can be shown under experimental laboratory conditions to alter many coronary risk factors in a favorable direction, in this study of a free-living population the effect of activity is minimal. These surprisingly negative results might be explained if physical activity exerts its effects in this population by acting on body weight, so that it loses its independent significance on multivariate analysis. Another caveat is necessary: population studies which include larger numbers of very highly active individuals may show activity effects not demonstrated in this population. This however remains to be shown.