The rigorous development, implementation, and evaluation of the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of community-based interventions and policies, especially in relation to inequalities in health.The facilitation of two-way knowledge flows between r

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In all known societies health risks, health-related behaviours, physical and mental health, and life expectancy tend to vary between social groups. Inequalities in health exist across a range of social and demographic indicators including income, social class, occupation and parental occupation, level of education, housing condition, neighbourhood quality, geographic region, gender and ethnicity. Inequalities are evident in many health outcomes, including mortality, morbidity, self-reported health, mental health, death and injury from accidents and violence. There is a considerable body of research documenting trends in inequalities and examining explanations for their existence and persistence. However, there is a lack of evidence about the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of policies, programmes, and projects to improve environments, and to reduce health burdens, unhealthy behaviours, and inequalities in health. This award will fund four five-year postdoctoral researchers whose fellowships will focus on developing and/or implementing and evaluating community-based interventions and/or policies designed to narrow the gap between deprived and vulnerable groups and the rest of the population. A secondary aim of these fellowships is to develop much-needed multidisciplinary research skills and capacity in collaborative population health science.It is very important that researchers study problems which are relevant to policymakers and practitioners, and ensure that the findings of their research are exchanged with these policymakers and practitioners in order to encourage uptake of any conclusions. This award will also fund a part-time knowledge broker tasked with generating early intelligence on research opportunities and policy/practitioner needs for research in particular fields, and providing two-way communications between researchers and policymakers and practitioners, in order to enhance the policy relevance of our work, and its translation into policy and practice.This award therefore has two aims: • The rigorous development, implementation, and evaluation of the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of community-based interventions and policies, especially in relation to inequalities in health.• The facilitation of two-way knowledge flows between the research in the social and public health sciences, and relevant policymakers and practitioners.