Non-Communicable Diseases

非传染性疾病

• 批准号: MC_UU_00033/3
• 负责人: Moffat Nyirenda
• 金额: $ 956.67万
• 依托单位: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Intramural
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MC_UU_00033%2F3
• 关键词: Non; Communicable; Diseases

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) pose a threat to sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), but there is little research to address this challenge. We have shown that NCD manifest differently in SSA. For example, mental illness is often seen with chronic infections (eg HIV). Similarly, type 2 diabetes occurs in lean individuals Africa, unlike in the West where it associates with obesity. Solutions from elsewhere may therefore not be necessarily effective in SSA. The unique NCD presentations are likely shaped by local factors, such as genetic susceptibility and other exposures, including infections and malnutrition. We aim to do rigorous research to uncover the fundamental underlying mechanisms, and to find best ways to prevent and treat these disorders in Africa. We will carefully characterise diabetes to see if it is caused either by lack of insulin (eg because the pancreas is small from previous malnutrition or infection) or because the insulin produced is not working well. We will test if drugs used to treat diabetes in the obese work in thin Africans. Building on our studies that have strongly linked HIV and depression, particularly in young people, we will design and test psychological intervention(s), delivered by lay health workers, to manage depression in young people living with HIV. As combination of infection and NCDs can cause huge disability, we will study how to improve the quality of life of people with disabilities, including through better access to healthcare.

非传染性疾病 (NCD) 对撒哈拉以南非洲 (SSA) 构成威胁，但应对这一挑战的研究却很少。我们已经表明，NCD 在 SSA 中的表现有所不同。例如，慢性感染（例如艾滋病毒）通常会导致精神疾病。同样，2 型糖尿病发生在非洲瘦人身上，而在西方，2 型糖尿病与肥胖有关。因此，其他地方的解决方案在 SSA 中可能不一定有效。独特的非传染性疾病表现可能是由当地因素决定的，例如遗传易感性和其他暴露因素，包括感染和营养不良。我们的目标是进行严格的研究，以揭示根本机制，并找到预防和治疗非洲这些疾病的最佳方法。我们将仔细描述糖尿病的特征，看看它是否是由于缺乏胰岛素引起的（例如，因为以前的营养不良或感染而导致胰腺变小），或者是因为产生的胰岛素不能很好地发挥作用。我们将测试用于治疗肥胖糖尿病的药物是否对瘦非洲人有效。基于我们的研究表明艾滋病毒与抑郁症，特别是年轻人的抑郁症密切相关，我们将设计和测试由非专业卫生工作者提供的心理干预措施，以控制艾滋病毒感染者的抑郁症。由于感染和非传染性疾病的结合可能导致巨大的残疾，我们将研究如何改善残疾人的生活质量，包括通过更好地获得医疗保健。

项目成果

"After all, we are all sick": multi-stakeholder understanding of stigma associated with integrated management of HIV, diabetes and hypertension at selected government clinics in Uganda.

• DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08959-3
• 发表时间: 2023-01-09
• 期刊: BMC health services research
• 影响因子: 2.8

PrEP uptake and persistence amongst HIV-negative women who exchange sex for money or commodities in Kampala, Uganda: A qualitative inquiry assessing the influence of pregnancy.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0000434
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: PLOS global public health

Factors associated with diagnostic and pre-treatment intervals among breast cancer patients attending care at the Uganda Cancer Institute: A cross-sectional study.

• DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6618
• 发表时间: 2023-10
• 期刊: Cancer medicine
• 影响因子: 4

Pulmonary inflammation promoted by type-2 dendritic cells is a feature of human and murine schistosomiasis.

• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37502-z
• 发表时间: 2023-04-03
• 期刊: NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: Houlder, E. L.;Costain, A. H.;Nambuya, I.;Brown, S. L.;Koopman, J. P. R.;Langenberg, M. C. C.;Janse, J. J.;Hoogerwerf, M. A.;Ridley, A. J. L.;Forde-Thomas, J. E.;Colombo, S. A. P.;Winkel, B. M. F.;Galdon, A. A.;Hoffmann, K. F.;Cook, P. C.;Roestenberg, M.;Mpairwe, H.;MacDonald, A. S.
• 通讯作者: MacDonald, A. S.

Multi-trait discovery and fine-mapping of lipid loci in 125,000 individuals of African ancestry.

• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41271-0
• 发表时间: 2023-09-05
• 期刊: NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: Kamiza, Abram Bunya;Toure, Sounkou M.;Zhou, Feng;Soremekun, Opeyemi;Cisse, Cheickna;Wele, Mamadou;Toure, Aboubacrine M.;Nashiru, Oyekanmi;Corpas, Manuel;Nyirenda, Moffat;Crampin, Amelia;Shaffer, Jeffrey;Doumbia, Seydou;Zeggini, Eleftheria;Morris, Andrew P.;Asimit, Jennifer L.;Chikowore, Tinashe;Fatumo, Segun
• 通讯作者: Fatumo, Segun