RESPIRATORY CARCINOGENESIS BY CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL FACTORS

肺泡II型上皮增生和腺瘤样病灶 在4例人类病例中发现了邻近纤维化区域的病变， 矽肺，包括2例肺癌，在一系列的24例 煤工尘肺或矽肺。 增生型肺泡型 Ⅱ型细胞对TGF-1抗体呈强阳性反应 潜伏相关肽，类似于先前在大鼠中描述的 用一次晶体二氧化硅的微滴治疗 （石英），并被认为是癌前病变。 进一步组织学检查 国家煤矿工人尸检研究档案馆的研究 职业安全与健康研究所（NIOSH），摩根敦，西弗吉尼亚州， 检测到大量额外的肺泡II型增生病例 邻近纤维化病变和灰尘沉积物。 一项试点研究已经 设计和建立，与NIOSH和 流行病学和生物统计学计划，DCE，NCI，以检查 上皮增生性病变和肺癌的发生， 萨克森铀矿工人的组织学类型 在德国的一个地区，他们接受了大量的二氧化硅和/或 尤其是在20世纪五六十年代。超过15，000例 已经发现了5,000例矽肺和肺癌病例， 这一人群，有可用的暴露史， 超过90%的案件都有尸检记录 在一项研究中， 报告了一系列喉癌与 肺，与喉鳞状细胞癌相关的肺癌 不同的组织学类型（70%鳞状细胞癌，11% 腺癌和6%的小细胞癌），表明 在多个呼吸道的癌变过程中， 恶性肿瘤。 用单次支气管内滴注 1.25 mg石英和以前报道显示电子显微镜 肺泡上皮细胞中石英颗粒的定位 在15个月时处死，显示肺间质病灶 纤维化 他们的肺碎片被分离并传代培养， 产生新的大鼠肺上皮细胞系。

Foci of lung alveolar type II epithelial hyperplasia and adenomatoid lesions, adjacent to areas of fibrosis, were found in 4 human cases of silicosis, including 2 with lung cancer, out of a series of 24 cases of coalworkers' pneumoconiosis or silicosis. The hyperplastic alveolar type II cells showed marked immunoreactivity to antibodies against TGF-~1 latency-associated peptide, similar to that previously described in rats treated with a single intratracheal instillation of crystalline silica (quartz), and considered as preneoplastic lesions. Further histologic study of the National Coalworkers Autopsy Study archive at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, WV, has detected numerous additional cases of alveolar type II hyperplasia adjacent to fibrotic lesions and dust deposits. A pilot study has been designed and set up, in collaboration with NIOSH and with the Epidemiology and Biostatistics Program, DCE, NCI, in order to examine the occurrence of the epithelial proliferative lesions and lung cancers by histologic type in a large population of uranium miners from the Saxony region in Germany, who received heavy exposures to silica and/or radiation especially in the 1950s and '60s. Over 15,000 cases of silicosis and 5,000 cases of lung cancer have already been identified in this population, for which there are available exposure histories and autopsy records for over 90% of cases. In a study of the largest reported series of clinical association of cancers of the larynx and lung, the lung cancers associated with squamous carcinomas of the larynx showed different histologic types (70% squamous carcinomas, 11% adenocarcinomas and 6% small cell carcinomas), indicating that differentiation may vary in carcinogenesis of multiple respiratory tract malignancies. Rats treated with a single intrabronchial instillation of 1.25 mg quartz and previously reported to show electron microscopic localization of quartz particles in alveolar epithelial cells were sacrificed at 15 months and showed foci of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. Fragments of their lungs were explanted and subcultured, originating new rat lung epithelial cell lines.