RESPIRATORY CARCINOGENESIS BY CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL FACTORS

肺泡II型上皮细胞增生和腺瘤样灶 在4例患者中，发现邻近纤维化区的病变。 矽肺，包括2例肺癌，在一系列的24例中 煤工尘肺或矽肺。增生型肺泡型 II细胞对抗转化生长因子-1抗体有明显的免疫反应 潜伏期相关肽，类似于先前在大鼠中描述的 单次气管内注入结晶二氧化硅治疗 (石英)，被认为是癌前病变。进一步的组织学 国家煤矿工人尸检档案研究 西弗吉尼亚州摩根敦职业安全与健康研究所(NIOSH) 发现大量新的肺泡II型增生病例 邻近纤维性病变和尘埃沉着。已经进行了一项试点研究 设计和设置，与NIOSH和 流行病学和生物统计计划，DCE，NCI，以检查 上皮性增生性病变和肺癌的发生 萨克森地区大量铀矿工的组织学类型 德国地区，曾严重暴露于二氧化硅和/或 尤其是在20世纪50年代和60年代。超过15,000例 年已发现矽肺和5,000例肺癌。 这一人群，有可用的暴露历史和 超过90%的病例的尸检记录。在一项对世界上最大的 已报道的一系列喉癌和喉癌的临床联系 肺癌，与喉鳞癌相关的肺癌 显示不同的组织类型(70%的鳞癌，11%的鳞癌 腺癌和6%的小细胞癌)，表明 多呼吸道癌变的分化程度可能有所不同 恶性肿瘤。大鼠一次支气管内滴注阿司匹林 1.25 mg石英，此前报道显示电子显微镜 肺泡上皮细胞中石英颗粒的定位 15个月时处死，见肺间质病灶 纤维化症。他们的肺碎片被移植并传代培养， 建立新的大鼠肺上皮细胞系。

Foci of lung alveolar type II epithelial hyperplasia and adenomatoid lesions, adjacent to areas of fibrosis, were found in 4 human cases of silicosis, including 2 with lung cancer, out of a series of 24 cases of coalworkers' pneumoconiosis or silicosis. The hyperplastic alveolar type II cells showed marked immunoreactivity to antibodies against TGF-~1 latency-associated peptide, similar to that previously described in rats treated with a single intratracheal instillation of crystalline silica (quartz), and considered as preneoplastic lesions. Further histologic study of the National Coalworkers Autopsy Study archive at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, WV, has detected numerous additional cases of alveolar type II hyperplasia adjacent to fibrotic lesions and dust deposits. A pilot study has been designed and set up, in collaboration with NIOSH and with the Epidemiology and Biostatistics Program, DCE, NCI, in order to examine the occurrence of the epithelial proliferative lesions and lung cancers by histologic type in a large population of uranium miners from the Saxony region in Germany, who received heavy exposures to silica and/or radiation especially in the 1950s and '60s. Over 15,000 cases of silicosis and 5,000 cases of lung cancer have already been identified in this population, for which there are available exposure histories and autopsy records for over 90% of cases. In a study of the largest reported series of clinical association of cancers of the larynx and lung, the lung cancers associated with squamous carcinomas of the larynx showed different histologic types (70% squamous carcinomas, 11% adenocarcinomas and 6% small cell carcinomas), indicating that differentiation may vary in carcinogenesis of multiple respiratory tract malignancies. Rats treated with a single intrabronchial instillation of 1.25 mg quartz and previously reported to show electron microscopic localization of quartz particles in alveolar epithelial cells were sacrificed at 15 months and showed foci of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. Fragments of their lungs were explanted and subcultured, originating new rat lung epithelial cell lines.