INSTRUMENTAL LEARNING AND TOLERANCE TO STIMULANTS

描述：(申请人摘要) 根据定义，上瘾的特征是长期服药。 然而，关于兴奋剂的作用方式，仍有许多需要了解。 在慢性条件下的行为。建议的长远目标 研究是为了了解耐受性发展到 这些药物的低噬作用。我们的工作假设是容忍 由两个顺序的过程调节：1)从厌食症中恢复和(2) 学会抑制干扰进食的刻板动作。 可以通过比较兴奋剂的作用来分析这两个过程 对插管和瓶装喂养的大鼠的乳汁摄入量的药物。因为 刻板印象的动作不会影响乳汁的摄取 大鼠喂食套管后，其摄食抑制可归因于 药物的厌食作用。然而，在奶瓶喂养的大鼠中，厌食症和 刻板印象会抑制进食。的具体目标 这些项目是：(1)证明从厌食症中恢复是一种 学习压制刻板印象动作的先决条件。因此，宽容 应该从瓶子状态转换到插管状态，但不是 反之亦然。(2)确定对厌食效应的耐受性 兴奋剂取决于在被下药的状态下能否获得牛奶。(3) 探索学习压制千篇一律的边界条件 动静。不同剂量苯丙胺对小鼠运动能力的影响 大鼠保持固定的头部位置，并通过 将对口腔内牛奶输注进行调查。(4)确定是否 大鼠可以学会抑制可卡因引起的刻板印象的动作 卡西酮和阿朴吗啡。5)了解负责的条件 瓶装和(6)套管式喂养大鼠的耐受性消散。 对行为颠覆性行为的耐受性发展相对较快 刺激性药物的影响可能导致它们被广泛滥用。发送到 行为容忍涉及工具学习的程度，建议的 研究将为理解人们如何适应 这些药物对行为的破坏作用。

DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's Abstract) By definition, addiction is characterized by chronic drug administration. Much remains to be learned, however, about the way stimulant drugs affect behavior under chronic conditions. The long-term objective of the proposed research is to understand the mechanisms by which tolerance develops to the hypophagic effect of these drugs. Our working hypothesis is that tolerance is mediated by two sequential processes: 1) recovery from anorexia and (2) learning to suppress stereotyped movements, which interfere with feeding. The two processes can be analyzed by comparing the effects of stimulant drugs on the milk intakes of cannula- and bottled-fed rats. Because stereotyped movements do not interfere with the ingestion of milk in cannula-fed rats, the suppression of feeding can be attributed to the anorexic effect of the drug. In bottle-fed rats, however, both anorexia and stereotypy contribute to the suppression of feeding. The specific aims of the project are: (1) To demonstrate that recovery from anorexia is a prerequisite to learning to suppress stereotyped movements. Thus, tolerance should transfer from the bottle condition to the cannula condition, but not vice versa. (2) To determine whether tolerance to the anorexic effects of stimulants is contingent on having access to milk in the drugged state. (3) To explore the boundary conditions for learning to suppress stereotyped movements. The effect of various doses of amphetamine on the ability of rats to maintain a stationary head position that is reinforced with intraoral milk infusions will be investigated. (4) To determine whether rats can learn to suppress stereotyped movements induced by cocaine cathinone, and apomorphine. 5) To understand the conditions responsible for the dissipation of tolerance in bottle- and (6) cannula-fed rats. The relatively rapid development of tolerance to the behaviorally disruptive effects of stimulant drugs may contribute to their widespread abuse. To the extent that behavioral tolerance involves instrument learning, the proposed research will provide a rationale for understanding how people adapt to the behaviorally disruptive effects of these drugs.