LOW LEVEL METALS MICROANALYSIS WITH MONOCHROMATIC X-RAYS

使用单色 X 射线对低含量金属进行微量分析

• 批准号: 6072601
• 负责人: ZEWU CHEN
• 金额: $ 12.72万
• 依托单位: X-RAY OPTICAL SYSTEMS, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-09-01 至 2001-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6072601
• 关键词: X ray; brain mapping; cadmium; chromium; iron; manganese; measurement; metals; monitoring device; neurochemistry; optics; trace elements

There are important medical applications that would benefit from a system which detected and located part per billion metal levels in an individual cell, with a low-power affordable package. This would assist in the research of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, prostate cancer and the investigation of trace level environmental contamination. A microanalysis technique using monochromatic x-rays is proposed for measuring ppb concentrations of metal species in standard samples. Similar techniques that have only been practical with costly synchrotrons are possible with lower power, cost effective systems using a new, revolutionary doubly-curved crystal optic. Monochromatic microprobe x- ray fluorescence (MMXRF), with this new crystal focusing optic, uses the monochromatic beam to achieve significantly lower background levels and is capable of detecting ppb levels of metal in biological samples. This Phase I project will experimentally demonstrate ppb detection of Cr, Mn, Fe, and Cd in standard samples using a Cu K beam, and will determine the detection limits. The feasibility of the MMXRF technique for mapping of Mn and Fe in brain tissue and for measuring Cd in prostate tissue will be evaluated and a Phase II proposal will be submitted to construct an optimized system to provide experimental data using brain tissue and other human samples. PROPOSED COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS: Commercial applications will be seen in analytical laboratories and medical research centers in their investigation of the effects of toxic metals and other trace elements on biological functions, the thin film and semi-conductor industries who are interested in the sub-ppm contamination of heavy metals, forensics, and any other industries where the detection ability to locate sub ppm concentrations of heavy elements is desired.

有一些重要的医疗应用将受益于一个系统，该系统可以检测和定位单个细胞中十亿分之一的金属水平，并具有低功耗、负担得起的封装。这将有助于阿尔茨海默氏症和帕金森氏病、前列腺癌的研究以及痕量环境污染的调查。提出了一种利用单色X射线进行微量分析的技术，用于测定标准样品中金属物种的ppb浓度。类似的技术只有在昂贵的同步加速器上才实用，但在使用新的革命性双曲面晶体光学系统的低功率、低成本系统中也是可能的。单色微探针X射线荧光(MMXRF)，使用这种新的晶体聚焦光学系统，使用单色光束实现显著较低的本底水平，并能够检测生物样品中的ppb水平。这个第一阶段的项目将实验演示使用铜K束对标准样品中的铬、锰、铁和镉进行ppb检测，并将确定检出限。将评估MMXRF技术用于绘制脑组织中的锰和铁以及测量前列腺组织中的镉的可行性，并将提交第二阶段的提案，以构建一个优化的系统，以使用脑组织和其他人类样本提供实验数据。拟议的商业应用：分析实验室和医学研究中心将在研究有毒金属和其他微量元素对生物功能的影响方面看到商业应用，对重金属亚ppm污染感兴趣的薄膜和半导体行业、法医和任何其他需要检测重元素亚ppm浓度的行业都将出现商业应用。