Direct Measurement of Trace Elements in Body Fluids

体液中微量元素的直接测量

• 批准号: 7325591
• 负责人: ZEWU CHEN
• 金额: $ 67.42万
• 依托单位: X-RAY OPTICAL SYSTEMS, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-08-18 至 2009-07-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7325591
• 关键词: Alzheimer' s Disease; Anodes; Arsenic; Body Fluids; Brain; Cadmium; Chelation Therapy; Child; Classification; Clinic; Clinical; Clinical Research; Complex; Concentration measurement; Copper; Coupled; Data; Dementia; Detection; Development; Device or Instrument Development; Diagnosis; Disease; Elements; Fluorescence; Frontotemporal Dementia; Health; Health Care Costs; Heavy Metals; Hemochromatosis; Hepatolenticular Degeneration; Impaired cognition; Iron; Iron Overload; Kidney Diseases; Laboratories; Laboratory Research; Lead; Malignant Neoplasms; Manufacturer Name; Mass Spectrum Analysis; Measurement; Measures; Medical; Memory; Mercury; Mercury Poisoning; Metals; Monitor; Morphologic artifacts; Nerve Degeneration; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neurologic; Numbers; Optics; Pantothenate kinase; Parkinson Disease; Pathology; Patient Care; Patient Monitoring; Patients; Personal Satisfaction; Phase; Plasma; Preparation; Procedures; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Research Subjects; Risk; Sampling; Screening procedure; Security; Serum; Source; Spectrum Analysis; Symptoms; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Trace Elements; Trace metal; Urine; Validation; Vascular Dementia; Week; Work; Zinc; absorption; base; clinical application; cognitive function; college; commercialization; design; detector; improved; instrument; nervous system disorder; prototype

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project involves development and application of a low-power, compact, reliable, easy to operate instrument for measurement of trace elements in body fluids (urine, blood, serum/plasma). The trace element analyzer can be used in research clinic settings where patients undergo study and treatment for major diseases. Abnormal levels of bio-essential metals (iron, copper, zinc) as well as toxic, non- essential trace elements (mercury, lead, cadmium, arsenic) are known to be associated with many health disorders such as cancer, cognitive impairment, and neurological symptoms. The involvement of metals is well established in most neurodegenerative pathologies. For example, excess serum copper is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease, and Wilson's disease. Brain iron accumulation is associated with several neurological disorders, some rare like aceruloplasminemia, and others common such as AD and Parkinson's disease (PD). In spite of their recognized importance, metals are not routinely monitored or tracked in the body. This is due in large part to the difficulty and expense of trace metal measurements in body fluids. Laboratories certified for such measurements are limited in number and regional in distribution. The instruments and procedures used to measure trace metals are too complex and expensive to be used in clinical settings. The bench-top trace-element analyzer to be developed in this project is based on new, powerful, proprietary, monochromatic doubly curved crystal (DCC) x-ray optics technology that greatly increases the efficiency and sensitivity for elemental analysis. This new analyzer has the potential to change the situation dramatically by offering an inexpensive, compact, reliable, simple-to-use elemental analyzer for clinical applications; reducing health-care costs, and improving clinical monitoring capabilities. The proposed, new trace-element analyzer has the potential to change the clinical laboratory situation dramatically by offering an inexpensive, compact, reliable, simple-to- use elemental analyzer for benchtop applications. It can have a positive impact to public health by reducing health-care costs and improving turnaround times for better patient care. The applicability for such a machine is vast and includes testing lead levels in children, screening for mercury poisoning, assessing iron levels in patients with iron- overload disease (e.g., hemochromatosis, pantothenate kinase II deficiency), monitoring patients undergoing chelation therapy, and conducting a heavy metal screen for people with dementia or other neurodegenerative diseases.

项目描述（申请人提供）：本项目涉及一种低功耗、紧凑、可靠、易于操作的体液（尿液、血液、血清/血浆）中微量元素测量仪器的开发和应用。微量元素分析仪可用于研究诊所环境，患者接受研究和治疗重大疾病。已知生物必需金属（铁、铜、锌）以及有毒的非必需微量元素（汞、铅、镉、砷）的异常水平与许多健康障碍（例如癌症、认知障碍和神经症状）相关。在大多数神经退行性病变中，金属的参与是公认的。例如，过量的血清铜与阿尔茨海默病（AD）、帕金森病和威尔逊病相关。脑铁蓄积与几种神经系统疾病有关，一些罕见的如浆细胞球蛋白血症，其他常见的如AD和帕金森病（PD）。尽管它们的重要性得到了公认，但金属在体内并没有得到常规监测或跟踪。这在很大程度上是由于体液中痕量金属测量的困难和费用。获得此类测量认证的实验室数量有限，分布区域也有限。用于测量痕量金属的仪器和程序过于复杂和昂贵，无法用于临床环境。该项目开发的台式微量元素分析仪基于新型、功能强大、专有的单色双曲晶体（DCC）X射线光学技术，大大提高了元素分析的效率和灵敏度。这种新的分析仪有可能通过为临床应用提供廉价、紧凑、可靠、易于使用的元素分析仪来显著改变这种情况;降低医疗保健成本，提高临床监测能力。所提出的，新的微量元素分析仪有可能改变临床实验室的情况，通过提供一个廉价的，紧凑的，可靠的，简单易用的元素分析仪的台式应用程序显着。它可以通过降低医疗保健成本和缩短周转时间来改善病人护理，从而对公共卫生产生积极影响。这种机器的适用性是广泛的，并且包括测试儿童的铅水平、筛查汞中毒、评估患有铁超负荷疾病的患者的铁水平（例如，此外，该研究还包括对患有慢性粒细胞白血病（包括血色素沉着症、泛酸激酶II缺乏症）的患者进行监测，对正在接受螯合治疗的患者进行监测，以及对患有痴呆症或其他神经退行性疾病的患者进行重金属筛查。