WOMEN'S PRODROMAL AND ACUTE SYMPTOMS OF MYOCARDIAL INFAR

尽管经过数十年的研究，心血管疾病每年仍导致50多万妇女死亡，比随后16种死亡原因的总和还要多。急性心肌梗死（MI）后，女性的死亡率为16%，而男性为11%。因此，进一步调查急性心肌梗死的妇女是必要的。调查延迟寻求治疗与MI相关的研究一致报告妇女延迟寻求治疗，因为他们没有认识到MI的症状，因为他们的症状与预期不同。由于延误寻求治疗与疗效不佳和治疗选择较少、住院时间较长以及死亡率和发病率较高有关，因此必须对妇女生殖病学进行界定。越来越多的临床医生和研究人员认为，女性MI患者的症状与男性不同。然而，很少有研究专门关注女性的心肌梗死和心脏病症状，或解决前驱症状，这些症状在心肌梗死之前和之后发生变化。为了填补这一空白，在妇女与心肌梗死和心脏病的研究，这一建议的目的是划定前驱和急性症状的心肌梗死。白色、黑人和西班牙裔妇女将成为目标，因为她们比其他群体延迟寻求治疗的时间更长，更可能有心脏危险因素，并且在MI后死亡率更高。研究人员将对来自8个医疗中心的1540名妇女进行电话调查。为了确保少数民族的代表性，将规定最低限额为186名黑人妇女和171名西班牙裔妇女。这些妇女将在MI后4至6个月询问其MI的前驱症状和急性症状以及心血管风险状况。这使他们有时间识别他们的MI的前驱症状。将分析数据，比较白色、黑人和西班牙裔女性的前驱症状和急性症状，以确定心血管风险状态。这项研究的结果将有助于我们更全面地描述妇女心脏病和心肌梗死的前驱期和急性心肌梗死。

Despite decades of research, cardiovascular disease kills more than half a million women each year, a greater number than the subsequent 16 causes of death combined. After an acute myocardial infarction (MI), women have a 16% mortality rate compared with 11% for men. Therefore, further investigation of acute MI in women is essential. Research investigating delay in seeking treatment associated with MI consistently reports women delay seeking treatment because they do not recognize symptoms of MI since their symptoms differ from expectations. Since delay in seeking treatment is associated with less effective and fewer treatment options, longer hospitalizations, and higher mortality and morbidity rates, women's symptomatology must be delineated. There is a growing consensus among clinicians and researchers that women with MI experience different symptoms than men do. However, few studies have specifically focused on women's symptoms of MI and heart disease or addressed prodromal symptoms, those symptoms that come and go prior to and change after the MI. To fill this void in research on women with MI and heart disease, the objective of this proposal is to delineate prodromal and acute symptoms of MI. White, black, and Hispanic women will be targeted since they delay seeking treatment longer than other groups, are more likely to have cardiac risk factors, and have higher mortality rates after MI. The researchers will conduct a telephone survey of 1540 women from 8 medical centers. To ensure representation of ethnic minorities, quotas will be set at a minimum of 186 black and 171 Hispanic women. The women will be queried about their prodromal and acute symptoms of MI and cardiovascular risk status four to six months after their MI. This allows them time to identify prodromal symptoms of their MI. The data will be analyzed to compare prodromal and acute symptoms of white, black, and Hispanic women when contributing for cardiovascular risk status. Results of this study will help us to more fully describe prodromal and acute symptomatology in women with heart disease and MI.