WOMEN'S PRODROMAL AND ACUTE SYMPTOMS OF MYOCARDIAL INFAR

尽管经过数十年的研究，每年仍有50多万妇女死于心血管疾病，这一数字超过了随后16种死亡原因的总和。急性心肌梗死（MI）后，女性的死亡率为16%，而男性为11%。因此，进一步研究女性急性心肌梗死是必要的。调查与心肌梗死相关的延迟寻求治疗的研究一致报告说，妇女延迟寻求治疗是因为她们不认识到心肌梗死的症状，因为她们的症状与预期不同。由于寻求治疗的延迟与治疗效果较差和治疗选择较少、住院时间较长以及死亡率和发病率较高有关，因此必须对妇女的症状进行描述。临床医生和研究人员越来越一致认为，女性心肌梗死患者的症状与男性不同。然而,很少有研究特别关注女性的MI和心脏病的症状或前驱症状,这些症状之前,来来去去,MI后改变。为了填补这一空白与MI和心脏病的妇女研究,这一提案的目的是描述前驱症状和急性心肌梗死的症状。白人,黑人,和西班牙裔妇女将目标因为他们耽误了治疗时间比其他群体,更可能有心脏风险因素,研究人员将对来自8个医疗中心的1540名妇女进行电话调查。为了确保少数族裔的代表性，配额将设定为至少186名黑人女性和171名西班牙裔女性。研究人员将询问这些女性心肌梗死的前驱症状和急性症状，以及心肌梗死后4 - 6个月的心血管风险状况。这使她们有时间确定心肌梗死的前驱症状。研究人员将分析这些数据，比较白人、黑人和西班牙裔女性的前驱症状和急性症状对心血管风险状况的影响。这项研究的结果将有助于我们更全面地描述女性心脏病和心肌梗死的前驱和急性症状。

Despite decades of research, cardiovascular disease kills more than half a million women each year, a greater number than the subsequent 16 causes of death combined. After an acute myocardial infarction (MI), women have a 16% mortality rate compared with 11% for men. Therefore, further investigation of acute MI in women is essential. Research investigating delay in seeking treatment associated with MI consistently reports women delay seeking treatment because they do not recognize symptoms of MI since their symptoms differ from expectations. Since delay in seeking treatment is associated with less effective and fewer treatment options, longer hospitalizations, and higher mortality and morbidity rates, women's symptomatology must be delineated. There is a growing consensus among clinicians and researchers that women with MI experience different symptoms than men do. However, few studies have specifically focused on women's symptoms of MI and heart disease or addressed prodromal symptoms, those symptoms that come and go prior to and change after the MI. To fill this void in research on women with MI and heart disease, the objective of this proposal is to delineate prodromal and acute symptoms of MI. White, black, and Hispanic women will be targeted since they delay seeking treatment longer than other groups, are more likely to have cardiac risk factors, and have higher mortality rates after MI. The researchers will conduct a telephone survey of 1540 women from 8 medical centers. To ensure representation of ethnic minorities, quotas will be set at a minimum of 186 black and 171 Hispanic women. The women will be queried about their prodromal and acute symptoms of MI and cardiovascular risk status four to six months after their MI. This allows them time to identify prodromal symptoms of their MI. The data will be analyzed to compare prodromal and acute symptoms of white, black, and Hispanic women when contributing for cardiovascular risk status. Results of this study will help us to more fully describe prodromal and acute symptomatology in women with heart disease and MI.