WOMEN'S PRODROMAL AND ACUTE SYMPTOMS OF MYOCARDIAL INFAR

尽管进行了数十年的研究，但心血管疾病每年导致50多万女性死亡，比随后的16种死因加起来还要多。在急性心肌梗塞(MI)后，女性的死亡率为16%，而男性的死亡率为11%。因此，对女性急性心肌梗死的进一步研究是非常必要的。调查与心肌梗死相关的延迟寻求治疗的研究一直报告说，女性推迟寻求治疗是因为她们不认识MI的症状，因为他们的症状与预期不同。由于延迟寻求治疗与更少的治疗选择、更长的住院时间以及更高的死亡率和发病率相关，因此必须描述妇女的症状。临床医生和研究人员越来越一致地认为，女性心肌梗死患者的症状与男性不同。然而，很少有研究专门关注女性的心肌梗死和心脏病的症状，或者解决前驱症状，这些症状在心肌梗死之前和之后发生和变化。为了填补女性心肌梗死和心脏病研究的空白，这项建议的目的是描绘心肌梗死的前驱症状和急性症状。白人、黑人和西班牙裔女性将成为目标，因为他们比其他群体延迟寻求治疗的时间更长，更有可能有心脏风险因素，并且在心肌梗死后死亡率更高。研究人员将对来自8个医疗中心的1540名女性进行电话调查。为了确保少数民族的代表性，配额将被设定为至少186名黑人妇女和171名西班牙裔妇女。这些女性将在MI后四到六个月被询问她们的MI前驱症状和急性症状以及心血管风险状况。这使他们有时间识别他们的MI的前驱症状。将对这些数据进行分析，以比较白人、黑人和西班牙裔女性在导致心血管风险状态时的前驱症状和急性症状。这项研究的结果将帮助我们更全面地描述患有心脏病和心肌梗死的女性的前驱症状和急性症状。

Despite decades of research, cardiovascular disease kills more than half a million women each year, a greater number than the subsequent 16 causes of death combined. After an acute myocardial infarction (MI), women have a 16% mortality rate compared with 11% for men. Therefore, further investigation of acute MI in women is essential. Research investigating delay in seeking treatment associated with MI consistently reports women delay seeking treatment because they do not recognize symptoms of MI since their symptoms differ from expectations. Since delay in seeking treatment is associated with less effective and fewer treatment options, longer hospitalizations, and higher mortality and morbidity rates, women's symptomatology must be delineated. There is a growing consensus among clinicians and researchers that women with MI experience different symptoms than men do. However, few studies have specifically focused on women's symptoms of MI and heart disease or addressed prodromal symptoms, those symptoms that come and go prior to and change after the MI. To fill this void in research on women with MI and heart disease, the objective of this proposal is to delineate prodromal and acute symptoms of MI. White, black, and Hispanic women will be targeted since they delay seeking treatment longer than other groups, are more likely to have cardiac risk factors, and have higher mortality rates after MI. The researchers will conduct a telephone survey of 1540 women from 8 medical centers. To ensure representation of ethnic minorities, quotas will be set at a minimum of 186 black and 171 Hispanic women. The women will be queried about their prodromal and acute symptoms of MI and cardiovascular risk status four to six months after their MI. This allows them time to identify prodromal symptoms of their MI. The data will be analyzed to compare prodromal and acute symptoms of white, black, and Hispanic women when contributing for cardiovascular risk status. Results of this study will help us to more fully describe prodromal and acute symptomatology in women with heart disease and MI.