Air Pollution, housing and respiratory tract Infections in Children: NatIonal birth Cohort study (PICNIC)

空气污染、住房和儿童呼吸道感染：全国出生队列研究 (PICNIC)

• 批准号: MR/T016558/1
• 负责人: Pia Hardelid
• 金额: $ 91.19万
• 依托单位: University College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FT016558%2F1
• 关键词: Air; Pollution; housing; respiratory; tract

What is this research project about?We will investigate to what extent exposure to air pollution during pregnancy and the first five years of life and poor housing conditions (such as overcrowding and damp/mould) contribute to hospital admissions for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in children less than five years old. Why are we doing this research?RTIs, including bronchiolitis, pneumonia and croup, are the most common reason for hospital admission in young children in the UK. These admissions are stressful for children, their parents and costly for the National Health Service (NHS). Being admitted to hospital with an RTI during the first few years of life is also associated with the development of chronic respiratory problems, such as asthma, in later childhood. Previous research has found that children from poor backgrounds are more likely to need an RTI admission, but it is not clear which aspects of children's living conditions make the largest contribution to RTI hospital admissions. In this study, we will examine whether exposure to air pollution in the womb or during early childhood, and poor housing conditions are associated with a child's risk of being admitted to hospital with an RTI. Also, we will look at how many RTI admissions could be prevented in the UK if we reduced air pollution and/or improved housing conditions for families with young children. How are we going to do it?We will use data collected from birth certificates, linked to maternity records and hospital admission data for all children born in England between 2005 and 2014, and Scotland between 1997 and 2019: 8 million children in total. We will link in data about children's air pollution exposure during pregnancy and childhood, building characteristics, and information about housing and socio-economic background from the 2011 Census. All data will be kept on secure servers and linked using methods that protect the identities of mothers and children.We will use these data to examine whether exposure to air pollution and poor housing conditions are associated with an increased risk of being admitted to hospital with an RTI during the first five years of life. We will use statistical methods that allow us to take into account whether children have other underlying risk factors for RTI hospital admissions, such as chronic health problems. We will also make sure that other researchers can access these datasets to carry out maternal and child health research in the future.

这个研究项目是关于什么的？我们将调查在怀孕期间和生命的前五年中暴露于空气污染以及恶劣的住房条件（如过度拥挤和潮湿/霉菌）在多大程度上导致五岁以下儿童因呼吸道感染（RTI）住院。我们为什么要做这项研究？RTI，包括细支气管炎，肺炎和哮吼，是英国幼儿住院的最常见原因。这些入院对儿童和他们的父母来说都是有压力的，对国民保健服务（NHS）来说也是昂贵的。在生命的最初几年因RTI住院也与儿童后期慢性呼吸道问题（如哮喘）的发展有关。以前的研究发现，来自贫困背景的儿童更有可能需要RTI入院，但目前尚不清楚儿童生活条件的哪些方面对RTI入院的贡献最大。在这项研究中，我们将研究是否暴露于空气污染在子宫内或在幼儿期，以及恶劣的住房条件与儿童被送往医院与RTI的风险。此外，我们还将研究如果我们减少空气污染和/或改善有幼儿家庭的住房条件，在英国可以防止多少RTI入院。我们要怎么做？我们将使用从出生证明中收集的数据，这些数据与2005年至2014年期间在英格兰出生的所有儿童的孕产妇记录和住院数据相关联，以及1997年至2019年期间在苏格兰出生的所有儿童：总共有800万名儿童。我们将把2011年人口普查中有关儿童在怀孕和童年期间接触空气污染的数据、建筑物特征以及有关住房和社会经济背景的信息联系起来。所有数据将保存在安全的服务器上，并通过保护母亲和儿童身份的方法进行链接。我们将使用这些数据来研究暴露于空气污染和恶劣的住房条件是否与出生后前五年内因RTI住院的风险增加有关。我们将使用统计方法，使我们能够考虑到儿童是否有其他潜在的风险因素RTI住院，如慢性健康问题。我们还将确保其他研究人员可以访问这些数据集，以便在未来开展妇幼健康研究。

项目成果

Air Pollution, housing and respirfatory tract Infections in Children: NatIonal birth Cohort study (PICNIC): study protocol.

• DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048038
• 发表时间: 2021-05-03
• 期刊: BMJ open
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Favarato G;Clemens T;Cunningham S;Dibben C;Macfarlane A;Milojevic A;Taylor J;Wijlaars LPMM;Wood R;Hardelid P
• 通讯作者: Hardelid P

SARS-CoV-2 testing, infections, and hospital admissions with COVID-19 in children and young people in Scotland: a birth cohort study

苏格兰儿童和青少年中 SARS-CoV-2 检测、感染和因 COVID-19 入院的情况：一项出生队列研究

• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: LANCET
• 影响因子: 168.9
• 作者: Favarato Graziella

The clinical impact of serious respiratory disease in children under the age of two during the 2021-2022 bronchiolitis season in the United Kingdom and Ireland

2021-2022 年英国和爱尔兰细支气管炎季节期间严重呼吸道疾病对两岁以下儿童的临床影响

• DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.22.23285616
• 发表时间: 2023
• 作者: Williams T

SARS-CoV-2 tests, confirmed infections and COVID-19-related hospital admissions in children and young people: birth cohort study.

• DOI: 10.1136/bmjpo-2022-001545
• 发表时间: 2022-08
• 期刊: BMJ paediatrics open
• 影响因子: 2.6

Factors predicting amoxicillin prescribing in primary care among children: a cohort study.

• DOI: 10.3399/bjgp.2021.0639
• 发表时间: 2022-04-04
• 期刊: BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE
• 影响因子: 5.9
• 作者: Miller, Faith;Zylbersztejn, Ania;Favarato, Graziella;Adamestam, Imad;Pembrey, Lucy;Shallcross, Laura;Mason, Dan;Wright, John;Hardelid, Pia
• 通讯作者: Hardelid, Pia