PREDICTING ENGLISH LITERACY IN SPANISH-SPEAKING CHILDREN

描述：(根据应聘者的描述改编)学习很重要 说西班牙语的儿童识字能力发展的先兆，就像这样 人口面临辍学及其相关行为和心理的风险 由于未能培养足够的识字能力而导致的健康问题。 一项为期两年的西班牙语识字发展纵向研究 孩子们将被引导。主要目标是确定识字率是否 第二和第二阶段西班牙语儿童的英语学习困难 三年级可以从西班牙语的认知测试组合中预测出来。 在幼儿园开始时和一年级结束时用英语。一个 次要目的是探索西班牙语识字技能的预测因素 孩子们到一年级结束。幼儿园的电池组已经 已经注射过，第一级电池将在 建议的资金期限。该提案要求在2号和3号进行测试 年级。孩子们正在参加一个独特的项目，在这个项目中，他们 在课程期间接受有组织的西班牙语多感官识字训练 正规学校的头两年，同时学习口语技能 用英语。在一年级，孩子们开始有组织的多感官 英语识字计划与西班牙语识字计划密切相关 计划，并继续英语识字计划进入第二和第三阶段 成绩。研究样本包括330名幼儿园儿童，他们被给予了 1998年秋季和1999年春季西班牙语中的一组预测性任务。 初步结果表明，儿童的识字技能是 幼儿园结束时的年龄适宜性，并与预测性 幼儿园一开始就打人。孩子们将接受测试 再次在他们一年级的春天对相同的英文版本 预测性任务，以及西班牙语识字测试。他们还将接受测试 在他们二年级和三年级结束的时候 识字测试。预测电池是基于对英语的研究，该研究 突出语音意识、语音解码、印刷体意识、 表现性词汇、言语记忆和字母知识作为预测因素 早期阅读发展。由于没有西班牙语的预测性研究， 这项研究将在翻译和改编的基础上制定一些措施 英语语言衡量标准。然而，大多数测试来自 伍德考克语言能力小组。该电池包括以下措施 掌握英语和西班牙语的语言和读写能力 以母语为母语的人，并经过校准，允许进行有意义的比较 语言。分析将集中在这样的问题上，即预测因素是否 双语示例的英语阅读和写作与 以前对只会说英语的儿童的研究。两个版本之间的比较 西班牙语和英语识字率的最佳预测者也将被做出。这个 测试措施与教师评定的语言偏好的协变， 本课程将探讨社会人口和社会经济变量。

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from applicant's description) It is important to study the precursors of literacy development in Spanish-speaking children, as this population is at-risk for school drop-out and associated behavioral and mental health problems that are consequent upon failure to develop adequate literacy. A two-year longitudinal study of literacy development in Spanish-speaking children will be conducted. The primary aim is to determine whether literacy difficulties in English among Spanish-speaking children in the second and third grades can be predicted from a cognitive test battery given in Spanish at the beginning of kindergarten and in English at the end of first grade. A secondary aim is to explore the predictors of Spanish literacy skills when the children reach the end of 1st grade. The kindergarten battery has already been administered, and the first grade battery will be given prior to the proposed period of funding. The proposal calls for testing in the 2nd and 3rd grade years. The children are participating in a unique program in which they are given structured multi-sensory literacy training in Spanish during the first two years of formal schooling, while simultaneously learning oral skills in English. During 1st grade, the children begin a structured multi-sensory literacy program in English that is closely parallel to the Spanish literacy program, and continue the English literacy program into the second and third grades. The study sample consists of 330 kindergartners who were given a battery of predictive tasks in Spanish in fall, 1998, and spring, 1999. Preliminary results indicate that the children's literacy skills are age-appropriate at the end of kindergarten, and correlated with the predictive battery given at the outset of kindergarten. The children will be tested again in the spring of their first grade year on English versions of the same predictive tasks, as well as Spanish literacy tests. They will also be tested at the end of their 2nd and 3rd grade years on an extensive battery of literacy tests. The predictive battery is based on research in English which highlights phonological awareness, phonological decoding, print awareness, expressive vocabulary, verbal memory, and letter knowledge as predictors of early reading development. Since there are no predictive studies in Spanish, the study will develop some measures based on translations and adaptations of English language measures. However, the majority of the tests are from the Woodcock Language Proficiency Battery. This battery includes measures of language and literacy skills in both English and Spanish that were normed on native speakers and calibrated to allow meaningful comparisons across languages. Analyses will focus on the question of whether predictors of reading and writing in English are the same for the bilingual sample as in previous studies of monolingual English speaking children. Comparisons of the best predictors of Spanish and English literacy will also be made. The co-variation of the test measures with teacher-rated language preferences, sociodemographic and socioeconomic variables will be explored.