CARDIOVASCULAR FLOW DYNAMICS--IN VIVO STUDIES

该项目继续使用 新发展的非侵入性超声成像技术， 量化病理生理血液动力学异常。 基于 流体动力学原理（射流通量理论，动量连续性 保留、中心线加速、近端血流会聚和 湍流/粘性相互作用），时间和空间定量 流事件是可能的。 在心功能不全的临床管理中， 血流动力学异常的严重程度是非常重要的。 多普勒超声心动图技术增强了无创性 评估。 然而，迄今为止，很少有相关的研究 这些技术的临床适用性， 用于验证的定量参考标准。 为此，目前 今年的努力扩展了前几年的研究， 1）提出了一种新的多普勒血流计算方法， 半自动地集成数字空间和时间彩色流 速度数据已经被验证用于确定肺动脉和 主动脉流量和计算心内分流流量。 2)实时 三维成像允许测定心室容积 从而计算每搏输出量和分流量。 第三章 使用实时三维成像， 用于直接成像房间隔的大小和形状 缺陷 4)彩色多普勒显示缩脉宽度， 与主动脉瓣和二尖瓣返流的严重程度密切相关。 结构和流动的非侵入性成像方法，因此在 体内，提供有关心脏病严重程度的可靠信息 瓣膜返流，以帮助患者临床管理。

This project has continued studies of intracardiac flow dynamics using newly developing non invasive ultrasonic imaging techniques for quantifying pathophysiologic hemodynamic abnormalities. Based upon hydrodynamic principles (jet flux theory, momentum continuity preservation, centerline acceleration, proximal flow convergence and turbulent/viscous interactions), temporal and spatial quantitation of flow events is possible. In the clinical management of cardiac dysfunction, accurate evaluation of the severity of hemodynamic abnormalities is of major importance. Doppler echocardiographic techniques have enhanced non invasive assessments. However, there have been, heretofore, few studies related to the clinical applicability of these techniques using strictly quantified reference standards for validation. To that end, the current year's efforts have extended previous years' studies to show the following: 1) A new Doppler flow calculation method which semiautomatically integrates digital spatial and temporal color flow velocity data has been validated for determining pulmonary arterial and aortic flows and for calculating intracardiac shunt flows. 2) Real-time three-dimensional imaging permitted determination of ventricular volumes and thus the calculation of stroke volumes and shunt magnitudes. 3) Using real-time three-dimensional imaging, unique en face views were developed for directly imaging the size and shape of atrial septal defects. 4) The color Doppler imaged vena contracta width was shown to correlate closely with the severity of aortic and mitral regurgitation. Non invasive imaging methods for structure and flow, thus validated in vivo, provide reliable information about the severity of cardiac valvular regurgitation to aid patient clinical management.