High-resolution climate dynamics

高分辨率气候动态

• 批准号: NE/G010706/1
• 负责人: Manoj Joshi
• 金额: $ 3.37万
• 依托单位: University of Reading
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2009 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FG010706%2F1
• 关键词: resolution; climate; dynamics

Many processes that influence surface climate have their origins in the stratosphere, the layer of the atmosphere 15-40km above the ground. For instance, ozone changes caused by changes in solar output can lead to significant perturbations to weather and climate nearer the surface. Most current climate models do not properly represent the stratosphere, and therefore cannot properly represent this impact of these changes. In addition, the communication of the effects of stratospheric changes to the surface in models may depend on their ability to represent small-scale weather systems. The current generation of climate models can only just represent such small scale features. Ideally, one would examine the effects of such stratospheric forcings using a model which fully represents both the stratosphere and small-scale tropospheric synoptic systems, but such a model would be prohibitively expensive computationally. We therefore intend to use a slightly different approach in this study: we will develop a high-resolution, stratosphere-resolving climate model which has simplified representations of processes such as convection and land-surface processes. This model is significantly less computationally intensive than a state-of-the-art climate model, but is still capable of representing those dynamical and physical processes that are important in this regard. Using this model we intend to study how the climate of a period known as the Maunder minimum, when solar output was slightly lower than now, differed from the present. In particular, we intend to examine the differences between the results from our high-resolution model and those from more standard models. The results of this study will help us to better predict the regional surface impacts of future stratospheric changes including those caused by changes in solar output.

许多影响地表气候的过程起源于平流层，即距地面15-40公里的大气层。例如，由太阳输出的变化引起的臭氧变化会对地表附近的天气和气候造成重大干扰。目前大多数气候模式都不能正确地表示平流层，因此不能正确地表示这些变化的影响。此外，在模式中将平流层变化的影响传达给地面可能取决于它们表示小尺度天气系统的能力。目前的气候模型只能代表这样的小尺度特征。理想情况下，人们可以使用一种完全代表平流层和小尺度对流层天气系统的模式来检验这种平流层强迫的影响，但这种模式的计算成本过高。因此，我们打算在这项研究中使用一种稍微不同的方法：我们将开发一种高分辨率的平流层分辨率气候模型，该模型简化了对流和陆地表面过程等过程的表示。该模式的计算强度明显低于最先进的气候模式，但仍然能够表示在这方面很重要的那些动力和物理过程。利用这个模型，我们打算研究一个被称为蒙德极小期的时期的气候与现在的气候有何不同。蒙德极小期是太阳输出比现在略低的时期。特别是，我们打算检查高分辨率模型和更标准模型的结果之间的差异。本研究结果将有助于我们更好地预测未来平流层变化对区域地表的影响，包括太阳输出变化引起的平流层变化。