Microbial food webs in Movile Cave
莫维尔洞穴的微生物食物网
基本信息
- 批准号:NE/G017956/2
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 11.1万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Research Grant
- 财政年份:2012
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2012 至 无数据
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Summary of the Project for a general audience: In 1986, a natural cave was discovered in Romania near to the Black Sea. Movile Cave is an extremely unusual cave system which had been sealed off from the outside world for many thousands of years. Despite being completely isolated from the above ground, Movile Cave harbours a rich ecosystem with nearly 50 different species of cave-adapted aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates including worms, pseudo-scorpions, spiders, leeches and centipedes. Remarkably over 30 of these invertebrates are endemic to Movile Cave. These invertebrates have adapted to life without light through a process called troglomorphy, as evidenced by absence of eyes, elongation of appendages and lack of pigment, indicating a long history of evolution underground. The cave is fed by thermal sulfide water from deep underground and no light can enter the cave. Therefore this rich ecosystem has to be driven by primary production of organic carbon made by non-photosythetic bacteria in the cave. In preliminary studies, it has been shown that microbial mats on the surface of the underwater lakes in the cave and on the cave walls contain active methane and sulfur oxidising bacteria which must be driving the start of the microbial food chain, where these bacteria grow and release nutrient for other bacteria and fungi to grow. In turn, the bacteria are grazed on by worms and other invertebrates and finally carnivores head the top of the food chain by eating other invertebrates. This environment can be considered an extreme environment (like deep-sea hydrothermal vents) and studying Movile Cave can give us clues as to how life evolves. Since the initial production of all food to sustain this novel ecosystem deep underground is reliant on specialised groups of bacteria, we want to study the flow of carbon through these bacteria into the food web in Movile Cave. We will use a number of cutting edge microbial molecular ecology techniques to examine the diversity and activity of different groups of bacteria responsible for oxidation and growth on methane and other one-carbon compounds, bacteria which fix carbon dioxide, not using sunlight but using energy from inorganic sulfur compounds present in the thermal waters of the cave. We will also investigate the fixation and cycling of nitrogen compounds by bacteria, processes also necessary to sustain all life in Movile Cave. We will follow the flow of carbon from methane and carbon dioxide through the various groups of bacteria into heterotrophic bacteria and fungi using a technique known as stable isotope probing (SIP) which allows us to label up the DNA and RNA of the microorganisms consuming these forms of carbon with isotopically-labelled 13-C (heavy carbon). Isolating the heavy DNA and RNA from all of the other nucleic acids present in microbial mat communities allows us to determine both the structure and function of these specific primary consumers of carbon. In addition we will use an exciting new technique called Raman FISH microscopy to study the microbes in this ecosystem at the single cell level. Using DNA and RNA sequence information from our SIP experiments with microbial mat and cave water samples, we can make specific fluorescent probes which specifically bind to methane and sulfur-oxidising bacteria in microbial mat material (a process called fluorescence in situ hybridisation or FISH). On top of this we can detect in the same FISH-labelled cells the heavy, 13C from methane and carbon dioxide that we fed the cells using the Raman microscope. This will allow us to investigate the exact location and numbers of bacteria that incorporate our test C substrates and over time we can follow the course of the carbon through the microbial food web in Movile Cave.
1986年,在罗马尼亚黑海附近发现了一个天然洞穴。Movile Cave是一个非常不寻常的洞穴系统,已经与外界封闭了数千年。尽管与地面完全隔离,Movile Cave拥有丰富的生态系统,拥有近50种不同的适应洞穴的水生和陆生无脊椎动物,包括蠕虫,假蝎子,蜘蛛,水蛭和蜈蚣。值得注意的是,这些无脊椎动物中有30多种是Movile Cave特有的。这些无脊椎动物已经通过一个被称为troglomorphy的过程适应了没有光的生活,如眼睛的缺失,附属物的伸长和缺乏色素所证明的,这表明地下进化的历史很长。洞穴由地下深处的热硫化物水供给,没有光线可以进入洞穴。因此,这个丰富的生态系统必须由洞穴中非光合细菌产生的有机碳的初级生产来驱动。在初步研究中,已经表明洞穴中水下湖泊表面和洞穴墙壁上的微生物垫含有活性甲烷和硫氧化细菌,这些细菌必须驱动微生物食物链的开始,这些细菌在那里生长并释放营养素供其他细菌和真菌生长。反过来,细菌被蠕虫和其他无脊椎动物吃掉,最后食肉动物通过吃其他无脊椎动物而处于食物链的顶端。这种环境可以被认为是一种极端环境(如深海热液喷口),研究Movile Cave可以为我们提供生命如何进化的线索。由于维持这种地下深处新生态系统的所有食物的最初生产都依赖于专门的细菌群,因此我们希望研究碳通过这些细菌进入Movile Cave食物网的流动。我们将使用一些尖端的微生物分子生态学技术来研究负责氧化和生长甲烷和其他一碳化合物的不同细菌群的多样性和活性,这些细菌固定二氧化碳,不使用阳光,而是使用洞穴热沃茨中存在的无机硫化合物的能量。我们还将研究细菌对氮化合物的固定和循环,这些过程也是维持Movile Cave所有生命所必需的。我们将使用一种称为稳定同位素探测(SIP)的技术,跟踪来自甲烷和二氧化碳的碳流通过各组细菌进入异养细菌和真菌,该技术使我们能够标记消耗这些形式的微生物的DNA和RNA碳与同位素标记的13-C(重碳)。从微生物群落中存在的所有其他核酸中分离出重DNA和RNA,使我们能够确定这些特定的碳主要消费者的结构和功能。此外,我们将使用一种令人兴奋的新技术,称为拉曼FISH显微镜,在单细胞水平上研究这个生态系统中的微生物。利用我们用微生物垫和洞穴水样进行的SIP实验中获得的DNA和RNA序列信息,我们可以制作特异性荧光探针,这些探针可以特异性地结合微生物垫材料中的甲烷和硫氧化细菌(一种称为荧光原位杂交或FISH的过程)。除此之外,我们还可以在同样的FISH标记的细胞中检测到来自甲烷和二氧化碳的重13 C,我们使用拉曼显微镜喂养细胞。这将使我们能够调查结合我们的测试C底物的细菌的确切位置和数量,随着时间的推移,我们可以通过Movile Cave中的微生物食物网跟踪碳的过程。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(8)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Draft Genome Sequences of Facultative Methylotrophs, Gemmobacter sp. Strain LW1 and Mesorhizobium sp. Strain 1M-11, Isolated from Movile Cave, Romania.
- DOI:10.1128/genomea.01266-15
- 发表时间:2015-11-19
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Kumaresan D;Wischer D;Hillebrand-Voiculescu AM;Murrell JC
- 通讯作者:Murrell JC
Draft Genome Sequence of the Methane-Oxidizing Bacterium "Candidatus Methylomonas sp. LWB" Isolated from Movile Cave.
从Movile洞穴中分离出的甲烷氧化细菌“甲基瘤sp。lwb”的基因组序列。
- DOI:10.1128/genomea.01491-16
- 发表时间:2017-01-19
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Stephenson J;Kumaresan D;Hillebrand-Voiculescu AM;Brooks E;Whiteley AS;Murrell JC
- 通讯作者:Murrell JC
Aerobic proteobacterial methylotrophs in Movile Cave: genomic and metagenomic analyses.
- DOI:10.1186/s40168-017-0383-2
- 发表时间:2018-01-02
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:15.5
- 作者:Kumaresan D;Stephenson J;Doxey AC;Bandukwala H;Brooks E;Hillebrand-Voiculescu A;Whiteley AS;Murrell JC
- 通讯作者:Murrell JC
Analysis of Active Methylotrophic Communities: When DNA-SIP Meets High-Throughput Technologies.
活跃甲基营养群落分析:当 DNA-SIP 遇到高通量技术时。
- DOI:10.1007/978-1-4939-3369-3_14
- 发表时间:2016
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Taubert M
- 通讯作者:Taubert M
Bacterial metabolism of methylated amines and identification of novel methylotrophs in Movile Cave
- DOI:10.1038/ismej.2014.102
- 发表时间:2014-07
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:D. Wischer;D. Kumaresan;D. Kumaresan;A. Johnston;Myriam El Khawand;Jason Stephenson;Alexandra Hillebrand-Voiculescu;Yin Chen;J. Murrell
- 通讯作者:D. Wischer;D. Kumaresan;D. Kumaresan;A. Johnston;Myriam El Khawand;Jason Stephenson;Alexandra Hillebrand-Voiculescu;Yin Chen;J. Murrell
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John Murrell其他文献
Ethical considerations in clinical veterinary research.
临床兽医研究中的伦理考虑。
- DOI:
10.1016/j.tvjl.2023.106026 - 发表时间:
2023 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.2
- 作者:
C. Adami;John Murrell;P. Fordyce - 通讯作者:
P. Fordyce
John Murrell的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('John Murrell', 18)}}的其他基金
Microbial degradation of isoprene in the terrestrial environment
陆地环境中异戊二烯的微生物降解
- 批准号:
NE/J009725/1 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 11.1万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Microbial food webs in Movile Cave
莫维尔洞穴的微生物食物网
- 批准号:
NE/G017956/1 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 11.1万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Joint SOLAS Bergen Mesocosm Experiment
联合 SOLAS 卑尔根中宇宙实验
- 批准号:
NE/E011446/1 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 11.1万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Joint SOLAS Bergen Mesocosm Experiment
联合 SOLAS 卑尔根中宇宙实验
- 批准号:
NE/E011527/1 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 11.1万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Novel monooxygenase biocatalysts from the environment and the laboratory
来自环境和实验室的新型单加氧酶生物催化剂
- 批准号:
BB/F012713/1 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 11.1万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Joint SOLAS Bergen Mesocosm Experiment
联合 SOLAS 卑尔根中宇宙实验
- 批准号:
NE/E011438/1 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 11.1万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Facultative methanotrophs and environmental regulation of methane oxidation
兼性甲烷氧化菌与甲烷氧化的环境调控
- 批准号:
NE/E016855/1 - 财政年份:2007
- 资助金额:
$ 11.1万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
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