VISUAL CONTROL OF MOBILITY IN LOW VISION

低视力下移动的视觉控制

• 批准号: 6178981
• 负责人: KATHLEEN A TURANO
• 金额: $ 21.73万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-12-01 至 2001-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6178981
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; body movement; chordate locomotion; computational neuroscience; computer simulation; eye movements; gait; glaucoma; head movements; human subject; macular degeneration; motion perception; neural information processing; orientation; posture; retinitis pigmentosa; space perception; vision disorders; vision tests; visual fields; visual perception

Studies have shown that vision impairment can have serious adverse effects on orientation/mobility (O/M). The long-term goal of this research program is to understand how vision impairment cause functional limitation in O/M. Research over the past several years has cataloged the effects of vision impairments on mobility and has identified the visual function measures that are predictive of mobility performance and effort. However, an understanding of how vision impairments affect the mechanisms underlying mobility is lacking. The visual control of mobility is complex, involving the processing of visual information such as the visual motion patterns generated by a moving (optic flow), as well as the planning, execution, and integration of eye, head, and body movements. The overall aim of the proposed research is to understand the contributions of perception of heading direction and scanning eye/head movements to mobility performance and effort. The perception of heading will be investigated by measuring by discrimination thresholds for the direction of heading with computer-generated optic flow patterns. Scanning eye and head movement patterns will be monitored and characterized as subjects perform the heading discrimination task as they navigate a mobility course. Mobility performance will be evaluated by measures of walking speed and number of unwanted contact, and the mental effort required for mobility will be evaluated by secondary task performance and self-perceived mobility. Subjects will include visually impaired persons with age related macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa, or glaucoma and normally sighted persons with and without simulated vision loss. In addition to addressing the basic science questions abut the role of eye movements in simulated and natural mobility and the relationship of perception of heading direction and mobility performance and effort, the proposed research will provide information that can have an immediate and direct impact on the development of mobility devices and vision rehabilitation regimens, e.g., effective visual training strategies, for people with vision impairment.

研究表明，视力受损可能会产生严重的不良影响。 对取向/迁移率（O/M）的影响。 长期目标是 研究计划是为了了解视力障碍如何导致功能性 O/M的限制。 过去几年的研究记录了 视力障碍对行动能力的影响，并确定了 预测移动性能的视觉功能测量， 努力然而，了解视力障碍如何影响 缺乏流动性背后的机制。 视觉控制 移动是复杂的，涉及视觉信息的处理， 作为由移动（光流）产生的视觉运动模式， 以及眼、头和身体的计划、执行和整合 动作 本研究的总体目标是了解 航向感知和扫描的贡献 眼睛/头部运动到移动性能和努力。 的感知 将通过判别测量来研究航向角 用计算机生成的光学系统确定航向的阈值 流动模式 扫描眼睛和头部的运动模式， 当受试者执行标题时， 辨别任务，因为他们导航的流动性课程。 移动性 将通过步行速度和步行次数的测量来评估性能 不必要的接触，以及移动所需的脑力劳动将 通过次要任务表现和自我感知的移动性来评估。 受试者将包括患有年龄相关性黄斑变性的视力受损者。 视网膜变性、色素性视网膜炎或青光眼，视力正常 有和没有模拟视力丧失的人。 除了 解决有关眼球运动作用的基础科学问题 在模拟和自然的流动性和感知的关系， 标题方向和流动的业绩和努力，拟议 研究将提供信息，可以有一个立即和直接的 对移动设备和视力康复发展的影响 治疗方案，例如，有效的视觉训练策略，对于有 视力障碍