STATISTICAL METHODS FOR OPHTHALMOLOGIC AND CLUSTER DATA

描述：（申请人的摘要） 数据对数据分析师提出了独特的挑战，因为 分析单位没有明确定义。 如果以眼睛为单位 分析，那么一个人必须考虑研究人员之间的相关性， 在分析中，我们会发现，如果不这样做，就会低估了P。 置信区间的值和宽度。 有很多人 在过去的15年里，在开发解决这一问题的技术方面， 问题，包括GEE方法（梁和Zeger，1986年）和广义 线性模型（Rosner，1984）。 这些方法中的大多数涉及 参数统计模型，如线性或逻辑回归。 我们打算在本提案中填补的文献中的一个空白是， 标准非参数检验的聚类效应。 许多类型的眼科数据不是正态分布的（例如， Humphrey视野数据），并要求非参数方法， 分析. 如果一个人希望用眼睛作为分析的单位，那么 在这些方法中加入聚类效应是很重要的， 考虑到了其他眼睛之间的相关性。 许多 眼科医生更喜欢使用人作为分析单位（例如， 使用更好的眼睛中的视觉功能）而不是眼睛。然而，在这方面， Olkin和维亚纳（1995）表明， 在更好的眼睛作为一个人的特定协变量的函数（例如， 年龄）不是正态分布的，并为此提出了特殊的方法 分析的类型。 我们建议将这项工作扩展到眼睛的情况 特定协变量和同一协变量中存在多个协变量的情况 模型另一个问题是一些眼科疾病（例如白内障） 具有可能具有不同病因的子分类（例如， 核性、皮质性、PSC白内障）。 然而，重要的公共卫生 问题是：任何类型的白内障的总体概率是多少？ 风险因素的函数（例如，抗氧化剂使用）。 我们打算 将标准Logistic模型推广为复合Logistic模型 这说明了可能存在差异的风险因素概况。 此外，有很多关于删失生存数据的工作， 故障时间仅发生在特定的访问中。 我们打算 在区间删失数据中加入聚类效应。 最终目标 我们的建议是对自然过程进行分析， 视网膜色素变性超过12年。 这将允许估计 视网膜电图及视野在一段长时间内的衰退率 以及提供估计的个别病人的时间 他们可以期望拥有的有用视力的年数。

DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's Abstract) The analysis of ophthalmological data pose unique challenges for the data analyst because the fundamental unit of analysis is not well defined. If the eye is used as the unit of analysis, then one must account for the correlation between fellow eyes in performing the analysis; otherwise one will underestimate p- values and widths of confidence intervals. There has been much interest in he past 15 years in the development of techniques for addressing this issue including GEE methods (Liang and Zeger, 1986) and generalized linear models (Rosner, 1984). Most of these methods are concerned with parametric statistical models such as linear or logistic regression. One gap in the literature that we intend to fill in this proposal is the incorporation of clustering effects for standard nonparametric tests. Many types of ophthalmologic data are not normally distributed (e.g. Humphrey visual field data), and require nonparametric methods for their analysis. If one wishes to use the eye as the unit of analysis, then it is important to incorporate clustering effects into these methods that take the correlation between fellow eyes into account. Many ophthalmologists prefer to use the person as the unit of analysis (e.g. using visual function in the better eye) rather than the eye. However, Olkin and Viana (1995) showed that the distribution of visual function in the better eye as a function of a person-specific covariate (e.g. age) is not normally distributed, and propose special methods for this type of analysis. We propose to extend this work to the case of eye specific covariates and the case of several covariates in the same model. Another issue is that some ophthalmic conditions (e.g. cataract) have subclassifications with possibly different etiologies (e.g. nuclear, cortical, PSC cataract). However, the important public health question is: what is the overall probability of any type of cataract as a function of risk factors (e.g., antioxidant use). We intent to generalize the standard logistic model, to be compound logistic model which accounts for the possibly differential risk factor profiles. Furthermore, there has been much work on censored survival data where the failure times occur only at specific visits. We intend to incorporate clustering effects in interval censored data. A final goal of our proposal is to perform an analysis of the natural course of retinitis pigmentosa over a 12 year period. This will allow estimation of the rates of decline of the ERG and visual field over a long period of time as well as provide estimates for an individual patient of the number of years of useful vision they can expect to have.