Transgenerational effects of parental age on fitness.

父母年龄对健康的跨代影响。

• 批准号: NE/J024597/1
• 负责人: Terence Burke
• 金额: $ 57.72万
• 依托单位: University of Sheffield
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2013 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FJ024597%2F1
• 关键词: Transgenerational; effects; parental; age; fitness.

Why do organisms age? This is one of the big, unsolved questions in biology, because it is unclear how a process that ultimately decreases fitness can persist evolutionarily, and why species do not evolve to live longer. Many theories have been put forward to explain from an evolutionary perspective why organisms change with age, but it is likely that many factors contribute to the phenomenon. One factor that can strongly affect selection pressure for longevity has, however, not received much attention: the transgenerational effects of senescence. Epigenetic effects can strongly affect the predicted outcome of certain evolutionary models. One such epigenetic and trans-generational factor that affects fitness is maternal age. It has been known for nearly a century that a mother's age can affect her offspring's, and potentially even her grand-offspring's, fitness. However, all the relevant studies have been done in the laboratory. Therefore, it is unknown whether this effect of maternal age operates in wild populations, and whether it can contribute to our understanding of the evolution of longevity.We propose to study the effects of parental and grand-parental age on their offspring's lifespan, reproductive success, physiology and genetics in a wild population of house sparrows. We have data available from a uniquely suited, long-term study of house sparrows in which to examine these topics in detail. Only in a closed population such as the one that we have is it possible to accurately estimate lifespan, fitness and parentage, which are all prerequisites for the longitudinal study of parental age on individual fitness. In addition, we will use focused experiments with captive birds to cement our hypotheses, and individual-based simulation models to explore quantitatively the implications of maternal age effects on the evolution of longevity.We expect the epigenetic effects of maternal age on offspring fitness to have important consequences on the demography of a population, and in turn also on the balance of the classic trade-off between reproduction and survival. Ultimately, these effects will strongly affect the selection pressures acting on longevity itself, and should lead to novel theories of the evolution of longevity.

为什么生物体会衰老？这是生物学中尚未解决的重大问题之一，因为目前尚不清楚一个最终降低适应性的过程如何在进化中持续存在，以及为什么物种没有进化得更长寿。人们提出了许多理论，从进化的角度来解释为什么生物体会随着年龄的增长而变化，但很可能是许多因素导致了这一现象。然而，有一个能够强烈影响长寿选择压力的因素却没有受到太多关注：衰老的跨代效应。表观遗传效应可以强烈地影响某些进化模型的预测结果。影响健康的一个表观遗传和跨代因素是母亲的年龄。近一个世纪以来，人们都知道母亲的年龄会影响她的后代，甚至可能影响她的孙辈的健康。然而，所有相关的研究都是在实验室完成的。因此，尚不清楚这种母亲年龄的影响是否在野生种群中起作用，以及它是否有助于我们对长寿进化的理解。本研究拟在野生家麻雀种群中，研究父母和祖父母年龄对其后代寿命、繁殖成功率、生理和遗传学的影响。我们有一项独特的、适合的、长期的家雀研究的数据，可以详细地研究这些主题。只有在像我们这样的封闭种群中，才有可能准确地估计寿命、适应性和亲子关系，这些都是纵向研究父母年龄对个体适应性影响的先决条件。此外，我们将使用圈养鸟类的重点实验来巩固我们的假设，并使用基于个体的模拟模型来定量探索母亲年龄对长寿进化的影响。我们预计，母亲年龄对后代适应性的表观遗传效应会对种群的人口统计学产生重要影响，进而也会对繁殖与生存之间的经典权衡产生重要影响。最终，这些影响将强烈地影响作用于长寿本身的选择压力，并应该导致长寿进化的新理论。

项目成果

Opposite-sex associations are linked with annual fitness, but sociality is stable over lifetime.

• DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arac124
• 发表时间: 2023-05
• 期刊: Behavioral ecology : official journal of the International Society for Behavioral Ecology

Comparison of manual, machine learning, and hybrid methods for video annotation to extract parental care data

• DOI: 10.1111/jav.03167
• 发表时间: 2023-12-14
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF AVIAN BIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 1.7
• 作者: Chan，Alex Hoi Hang;Liu，Jingqi;Schroeder，Julia
• 通讯作者: Schroeder，Julia

Life-span Extension With Reduced Somatotrophic Signaling: Moderation of Aging Effect by Signal Type, Sex, and Experimental Cohort.

• DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx010
• 发表时间: 2017-11-09
• 期刊: The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences
• 作者: Garratt M;Nakagawa S;Simons MJP
• 通讯作者: Simons MJP

Connecting the data landscape of long-term ecological studies: The SPI-Birds data hub.

• DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13388
• 发表时间: 2021-09
• 期刊: The Journal of animal ecology
• 作者: Culina A;Adriaensen F;Bailey LD;Burgess MD;Charmantier A;Cole EF;Eeva T;Matthysen E;Nater CR;Sheldon BC;Saether BE;Vriend SJG;Zajkova Z;Adamík P;Aplin LM;Angulo E;Artemyev A;Barba E;Barišić S;Belda E;Bilgin CC;Bleu J;Both C;Bouwhuis S;Branston CJ;Broggi J;Burke T;Bushuev A;Camacho C;Campobello D;Canal D;Cantarero A;Caro SP;Cauchoix M;Chaine A;Cichoń M;Ćiković D;Cusimano CA;Deimel C;Dhondt AA;Dingemanse NJ;Doligez B;Dominoni DM;Doutrelant C;Drobniak SM;Dubiec A;Eens M;Einar Erikstad K;Espín S;Farine DR;Figuerola J;Kavak Gülbeyaz P;Grégoire A;Hartley IR;Hau M;Hegyi G;Hille S;Hinde CA;Holtmann B;Ilyina T;Isaksson C;Iserbyt A;Ivankina E;Kania W;Kempenaers B;Kerimov A;Komdeur J;Korsten P;Král M;Krist M;Lambrechts M;Lara CE;Leivits A;Liker A;Lodjak J;Mägi M;Mainwaring MC;Mänd R;Massa B;Massemin S;Martínez-Padilla J;Mazgajski TD;Mennerat A;Moreno J;Mouchet A;Nakagawa S;Nilsson JÅ;Nilsson JF;Cláudia Norte A;van Oers K;Orell M;Potti J;Quinn JL;Réale D;Kristin Reiertsen T;Rosivall B;Russell AF;Rytkönen S;Sánchez-Virosta P;Santos ESA;Schroeder J;Senar JC;Seress G;Slagsvold T;Szulkin M;Teplitsky C;Tilgar V;Tolstoguzov A;Török J;Valcu M;Vatka E;Verhulst S;Watson H;Yuta T;Zamora-Marín JM;Visser ME
• 通讯作者: Visser ME

What is the best fitness measure in wild populations? A case study on the power of short-term fitness proxies to predict reproductive value

野生种群的最佳健身措施是什么？

• DOI: 10.1101/2021.11.19.469339
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Alif V