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Facilitating the flow of information between policy-makers and scientists in Sub-SaDear haran Africa.

促进非洲萨迪尔哈拉以南地区决策者和科学家之间的信息流动。

基本信息

批准号：
NE/J50063X/1
负责人：
Rosalind Cornforth
金额：
$ 17.93万
依托单位：
University of Reading
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2011 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FJ50063X%2F1
关键词：
Facilitating flow information between policy

项目摘要

Through my research and the 12 month scoping study for the ACX, I have already built many excellentpersonal relationships with key stakeholders and individuals with influential voices at local, national andinternational levels. I have successfully connected UoR climate scientists and the Sub-Saharan teamin CAFOD (NGO) to the IoP Campaign for Africa, to support the teaching of weathe-rclimate science atprimary school level in 6 different countries across Sub-Saharan Africa. A proposal will shortly besubmitted to Comic Relief for funding.Through using links developed through the West Africa Forecasters Handbook KE project andmy co-leadership of a chapter with the African Centre of Meteorological Applications forDevelopment (ACMAD, Zilore Mumba) to primary and secondary users. The local forecasters asprimary users of scientific knowledge of weather prediction, have direct links to secondary users,their customers, in various sectors including agriculture, hydrology and water resource planning,health epidemiology, energy, fisheries, shipping and off-shore oil production.Through my research links with AMMA and Africa-THORPEX. I will use my active participationwith researchers to share the learning of the ACX and the opportunities offered to link through tothe policy-makers.Through my work linked to Reading’s Internationalisation Strategy. I am currently organising aworkshop in Khartoum as part of the University’s Sudan Initiative. This will prove useful inbuilding new relationships with the HEIs and government ministers in Sudan and for meetingswith the National Met Services and NGOs based in Khartoum. There will be many subsequentsynergies with this initiative that I can use as the Fellowship activities progress.Potential opportunities for generating economic impact: Opportunities to enhance economicimpact exist through industry interest in obtaining climate information. I will exploit myc urrent researchlinks to support capacity at African HEIs through jointly supervised research projects, similar to themodel used in Reading eg. Hiscox Catastrophe Modelling – I have just been awarded a CASEStudentship with Dr Hodges (NCEO/ESSC), starting October 2011 working in the Financial servicesector. There is a high degree of interest in climate information in relation to hurricane activity linked toAfrican weather systems. Also with Fugro GEOS - Measurement, consultancy and forecasting servicefor oil companies - interested in understanding the impact of African squal llines on oil platforms in theGulf of Guinea.In addition, I will exploit the EU summit meetings I participate in, to develop new contacts with industrythat have strong investment interests in Africa (eg. TOTAL, Shell, Vodafone). These can be channeledto provide further support for the ACX activities through their charitable foundations.Within the School: Reading is developing a new MSc courses on African Meteorology in partnershipwith the Met Office. The new research partnerships formed through the ACX will benefit from thesecourses and the interest in supporting PhD students remotely through joint supervision arrangementswith African HEIs. I will bring these to the attention of the HEIs I work with in the Africa ACX to helpgenerate new research and teaching collaborations. We have also had preliminary discussions to linkup with the European distance learning course for Sub-Saharan African students, spear-headedby Prof Polcher (Head of AMMA-EU, Director of Research for LMD, Paris).IT Sector: There are also business opportunities for mobile phone communications and cloudcomputing. The new ESSC Virtual Observatory offers opportunities for linking industry to decisionmakersand end-users. New business investment in mobile Early Warning Systems wil l bringtechnological development and reinvestment opportunities to Africa with potential job creation .How and why I can make effective KE and impact more probable: The UK Africa Climate sciencecommunity have developed links with operational partners and end-users sporadically and largely independently of each other. Climate science needs to be focused and translated effectively betweenuser communities to maximise progress towards locally-driven adaptation and mitigation solutions. Byworking at the science-policy interface and being immersed in the KE activities needed, I can bring myskills and experience of KE and working in Africa (see Sections 9, 10) to bring our climate sceincecommunity together and focus research direction through dialogue with pol icy-makers and throughidentifying their priorities. The scoping study and letters of support confirm the science community’sPage 8 of 22interest in doing this through the ACX activities I co-ordinate. Without this fellowship to create andmanage the ACX initiative, barriers will remain between climate scientists and policy-makers. Socioeconomicimpact will be more achievable through establishing a mechanism whereby dialoguebetween NERC scientists at the forefront of their research and policy makers in government andNGO’s will be made easier, less time-consuming and more effective. Lessons learned will be sharedwidely through the Africa Climate Exchange portal and through discussion, reports of exchange casestudies and presentations.Assumptions, risks and mitigation: There were a number of assumptions when the ACX plan wasformed. These were:(1) Our climate expertise will match the stakeholders’ different needs .(2) The ACX will make a tangible difference to the decision process for policy-makers and inexchanging knowledge we will learn which questions are significant and relevant for future Africanclimate science research.(3) The proposed activities are the best way to encourage interactions.(4) Climate variability and change is a barrier to development that the policy-makers need to address.The key risk is that the different stakeholders will not want to engage with the process. The ScopingStudy and the letters of support refute this. This mitigates the key risk and supports the first threeassumptions. I have been able to develop a set of preliminary research questions based onstakeholder need that is congruent with the proposed activities and compatible with the expertise wehave at Reading. The third assumption is not one that I can resolve at the moment. I will continue toassume that exchanging knowledge with policy-makers is the most effective tool to development but Iknow that policy-makers have many other concerns with competing pressures eg. population growth,urbanisation, poverty, globalisation of markets and land-use changes. The last assumption is wellfoundedgiven the passion of the participants at the Africa Adapt Symposium I have just come backfrom - climate information and understanding it in the context of adaptation and climate compatibledevelopment is paramount. I will continue to manage these assumptions and risks by maintainingfrequent one-to-one discussions to understand different stakeholder specific needs, to identify benefitsand rewards to all stakeholders and to match these carefully to the ACX objectives to maintain interestand input. I will manage the project flexibly, using triage on underproductive avenues and developingnew productive ones.How long it will take for the impact to be realised? The initial impact will be quick through the 1:1meetings. The short term metrics for measuring impact are detailed in the time-bound work PlanSustained socio-economic impacts from facilitating conversation and these consortia collaborationbetween climate scientists and government policy-makers and NGOs in Sudan and Senegal are likelyto continue after the lifetime of this fellowship. Other long-term measures of impact that could beexpected include: (1) Improved policy-relevant predictions in future IPCC Assessment Reports; (2)Humanitarian/development policy-makers able to understand and respond rapidly to appropriateinformation from the regional NMHS within Africa - compare with Red Cross example motivating theproject; (3) Reduced economic impact in Sudan or Senegal in the event of a climate-related shock dueto better informed policy-making. The timing of these impacts is unpredictable as it depends on thetiming of a climate-related shock, and the timescale for new policies to be developed and implementedbut we would expect to see impact within 5-10 years.How will the ACX be sustained? The ACX will be sustainable through (i) the new relationships builtbetween stakeholders - a successful collaboration develops relationships that go beyond the life-time ofa project and which can be drawn on at some future point; (ii) “word of mouth” knowledge sharing; (iii)Reading’s continued financial support for the ACX portal – populating the portal with continued casestudiesand connections will remain the the most effective way for NERC scientists to realize theirImpact Plan; and (iv) securing additional funding to extend the ACX framework of exchange andconsortia approach to other Sub-Saharan countries.(i) - (iii) are likely. (iv) will be investigated throughTask 4 - setting up meetings to discuss ongoing funding, in the following order, with :1. UK government (DFID)2. Corporate business/foundations eg. Rockefeller Foundation (UoR already has a Foundation grantto support the Rockefeller Climate Change Units in East Africa); and Vodafone Foundation (whoare the prime player in the telecommunications sector in Sub-Saharan Africa.

通过我的研究和 ACX 为期 12 个月的范围界定研究，我已经与关键利益相关者以及在地方、国家和国际层面具有影响力的声音的个人建立了许多良好的个人关系。我成功地将布拉格大学的气候科学家和 CAFOD (NGO) 的撒哈拉以南团队与 IoP 非洲运动联系起来，以支持撒哈拉以南非洲 6 个不同国家的小学天气气候科学教学。很快将向 Comic Relief 提交一项提案以获取资金。通过使用西非预报员手册 KE 项目以及我与非洲气象应用发展中心（ACMAD，Zilore Mumba）共同领导的一个章节开发的链接，向主要和次要用户提供链接。当地预报员作为天气预报科学知识的主要用户，与农业、水文和水资源规划、健康流行病学、能源、渔业、航运和近海石油生产等各个领域的次要用户及其客户有直接联系。通过我与 AMMA 和 Africa-THORPEX 的研究联系。我将利用我与研究人员的积极参与，分享 ACX 的学习成果以及与政策制定者建立联系的机会。通过我与雷丁国际化战略相关的工作。作为大学苏丹倡议的一部分，我目前正在喀土穆组织一个研讨会。事实证明，这对于与苏丹的高等教育机构和政府部长建立新的关系以及与驻喀土穆的国家气象部门和非政府组织举行会议非常有用。随着奖学金活动的进展，我可以利用这一举措产生许多后续协同效应。产生经济影响的潜在机会：通过行业对获取气候信息的兴趣，存在增强经济影响的机会。我将利用我当前的研究联系，通过联合监督的研究项目来支持非洲高等教育机构的能力，类似于雷丁中使用的模型，例如。 Hiscox 灾难建模 – 我刚刚获得 Hodges 博士（NCEO/ESSC）的 CASES 学生资格，从 2011 年 10 月开始在金融服务部门工作。人们对与非洲天气系统相关的飓风活动相关的气候信息非常感兴趣。另外，Fugro GEOS - 为石油公司提供测量、咨询和预测服务 - 有兴趣了解非洲飑线对几内亚湾石油平台的影响。此外，我将利用我参加的欧盟峰会，与对非洲有强烈投资兴趣的行业（例如道达尔、壳牌、沃达丰）建立新的联系。这些可以通过其慈善基金会为 ACX 活动提供进一步的支持。在学校内部：雷丁正在与英国气象局合作开发非洲气象学的新理学硕士课程。通过 ACX 建立的新研究伙伴关系将受益于这些课程以及通过与非洲高等教育机构的联合监督安排远程支持博士生的兴趣。我将提请我在非洲 ACX 合作的高等教育机构注意这些问题，以帮助开展新的研究和教学合作。我们还就与撒哈拉以南非洲学生的欧洲远程学习课程的衔接进行了初步讨论，该课程由 Polcher 教授（AMMA-EU 负责人、巴黎 LMD 研究总监）牵头。 IT 部门：移动电话通信和云计算也有商机。新的 ESSC 虚拟观测站为将行业与决策者和最终用户联系起来提供了机会。对移动预警系统的新商业投资将为非洲带来技术开发和再投资机会，并可能创造就业机会。我如何以及为何能够更有效地进行知识共享并产生更大的影响：英国非洲气候科学界已经与运营合作伙伴和最终用户建立了零星且基本上相互独立的联系。气候科学需要在用户群体之间得到关注和有效转化，以最大限度地实现本地驱动的适应和缓解解决方案的进展。通过在科学-政策界面工作并沉浸在所需的知识共享活动中，我可以利用我在知识共享和在非洲工作的技能和经验（见第 9、10 节），将我们的气候科学界聚集在一起，并通过与政策制定者对话并确定他们的优先事项来集中研究方向。范围界定研究和支持信证实了科学界对通过我协调的 ACX 活动做到这一点的兴趣（第 8 页，共 22 页）。如果没有这笔资金来创建和管理 ACX 计划，气候科学家和政策制定者之间仍将存在障碍。通过建立一种机制，使 NERC 处于研究前沿的科学家与政府和非政府组织的政策制定者之间的对话变得更容易、更省时、更有效，社会经济影响将更容易实现。将通过非洲气候交换门户网站以及讨论、交流案例研究报告和演示广泛分享经验教训。假设、风险和缓解措施：ACX 计划制定时有许多假设。这些是：(1) 我们的气候专业知识将满足利益相关者的不同需求。(2) ACX 将对政策制定者的决策过程产生切实的影响，并通过交流知识，我们将了解哪些问题对未来非洲气候科学研究具有重要意义和相关性。(3) 拟议的活动是鼓励互动的最佳方式。(4) 气候变率和变化是政策制定者需要解决的发展障碍。主要风险是不同的利益相关者不会愿意参与这个过程。范围研究和支持信驳斥了这一点。这减轻了关键风险并支持前三个假设。我已经能够根据利益相关者的需求制定一套初步研究问题，这些问题与拟议的活动一致，并与我们在雷丁所拥有的专业知识相兼容。第三个假设目前我无法解决。我将继续认为与政策制定者交流知识是最有效的发展工具，但我知道政策制定者对竞争压力还有许多其他担忧，例如。人口增长、城市化、贫困、市场全球化和土地利用变化。考虑到我刚刚回来的非洲适应研讨会参与者的热情，最后一个假设是有根据的——气候信息并在适应和气候兼容发展的背景下理解它是至关重要的。我将继续通过保持频繁的一对一讨论来管理这些假设和风险，以了解不同利益相关者的具体需求，确定所有利益相关者的利益和回报，并将其与 ACX 目标仔细匹配，以保持兴趣和投入。我将灵活地管理该项目，对生产力低下的途径进行分类，并开发新的生产力途径。需要多长时间才能实现影响？通过一对一的会议，初步的影响会很快产生。衡量影响的短期指标在有时限的工作计划中有详细说明。促进对话以及苏丹和塞内加尔气候科学家、政府决策者和非政府组织之间的联盟合作所产生的持续社会经济影响可能会在该奖学金终止后继续下去。其他可能预期影响的长期衡量标准包括： (1) 改进未来 IPCC 评估报告中与政策相关的预测； (2) 人道主义/发展政策制定者能够理解非洲区域 NMHS 提供的适当信息并做出快速反应 - 与红十字会推动该项目的例子进行比较； (3) 由于决策更加明智，苏丹或塞内加尔在发生气候相关冲击时减少了经济影响。这些影响的时间是不可预测的，因为它取决于气候相关冲击的时间以及制定和实施新政策的时间表，但我们预计会在 5-10 年内看到影响。ACX 将如何持续？ ACX 将通过以下方式实现可持续发展：(i) 利益相关者之间建立的新关系——成功的合作所发展的关系超越了项目的生命周期，并且可以在未来的某个时刻利用； (ii) “口碑”知识共享； (iii)雷丁对 ACX 门户的持续财政支持——在门户中填充持续的案例研究和联系将仍然是 NERC 科学家实现其影响计划的最有效方式； (iv) 获得额外资金，将 ACX 交换框架和联盟方法扩展到其他撒哈拉以南非洲国家。(i) - (iii) 是可能的。 (iv) 将通过任务 4 进行调查 - 按以下顺序召开会议讨论持续资助：1。英国政府 (DFID)2。公司业务/基金会，例如。洛克菲勒基金会（UoR 已经拥有一笔基金会拨款来支持东非的洛克菲勒气候变化部门）；沃达丰基金会（他们是撒哈拉以南非洲电信行业的主要参与者。