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Building understanding of climate variability into planning of groundwater supplies from low storage aquifers in Africa - Second Phase (BRAVE2)

将对气候变化的理解纳入非洲低蓄水层地下水供应规划中——第二阶段 (BRAVE2)

基本信息

批准号：
NE/M008983/1
负责人：
Rosalind Cornforth
金额：
$ 158.09万
依托单位：
University of Reading
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2015 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FM008983%2F1
关键词：
Building understanding climate variability into

项目摘要

Secure access to water by the rural poor in Africa is central to the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. With more than 500 million Africans dependent on groundwater and the potential for expanded use, the resilience of aquifers in the face of climate, population growth, and land-use change is key to this. Evidence suggests however, that during extended periods of low rainfall, groundwater supplies from low storage aquifers can fail. It is unclear, therefore, whether planned development of substantial numbers of groundwater supplies as a means to meet the expected large increase in demand, will be effective in all areas of sub-Saharan Africa. In the absence of long historical records of borehole levels, we are reliant on process understanding and modelling to infer the stability of groundwater supplies. In partnership with national and local government, NGOs and researchers, the BRAVE project will incorporate new understanding of climate variability and observational capacity and its water resource impacts into the planning and operation of groundwater supplies in the Volta River Basin. As a result of improved understanding of how water moves through catchments representative of the Volta River Basin, combined with output from state-of-the-art climate, land surface and groundwater models, new scientific knowledge will allow appropriate tools to be developed for planning at a range of scales: basin-scale long-term regional planning of aquifer-based water supplies for domestic and productive uses; local-scale long-term and seasonal community management of groundwater supplies; and provision of information that allows timely emergency planning in the light developing drought conditions. New observational capacity and assessments of user vulnerability and an understanding of governance frameworks linking local communities to national government, along with this new scientific knowledge, will be translated into forms that allow participatory decision-making to be made. Bringing together communities, practitioners and policy-makers, the application of the planning tools will be piloted in a series of case studies within eight communities in Ghana and Burkina Faso. A set of meaningful groundwater management tools will be developed with these communities that specifically address the information they want and need, and which are embedded within the existing local, district, national and regional governance structures. The use of the system in the pilot communities will provide insights into the extent such an approach can support sustainable decision making and equitable uptake. Furthermore, after consultation with our partners, we will also develop a methodology to produce seasonal groundwater status reports which will be linked into the newly operational Rainwatch-AfClix Drought Early Warning System in Burkina Faso and Ghana. BRAVE will contribute to building the resilience of poor communities to climate variability and environmental change in the Volta River Basin. The project outputs will be of direct relevance to government departments responsible for water supply development, as well as humanitarian and development organisations. Actively working together from the project inception will encourage ownership, culminating in the co-design and implementation of the planning tools. This will deliver a strategic shift in future national disaster risk reduction, adaptation and resilience related policies to support increased water security for the poorest people in Ghana and Burkina Faso with lessons around resilience building for the wider Sahel region.

确保非洲农村贫困人口获得水是实现千年发展目标的核心。由于5亿多非洲人依赖地下水，并有扩大使用的潜力，含水层面对气候、人口增长和土地利用变化的适应能力是关键。然而，有证据表明，在降雨量较低的较长时间内，低蓄水量含水层的地下水供应可能会中断。因此，尚不清楚作为满足预期需求大幅增加的一种手段，有计划地开发大量地下水供应是否在撒哈拉以南非洲的所有地区都有效。在缺乏钻孔水位的长期历史记录的情况下，我们依赖于对过程的理解和建模来推断地下水供应的稳定性。与国家和地方政府、非政府组织和研究人员合作，该项目将把对气候变异性和观测能力及其对水资源的影响的新理解纳入伏尔塔河流域地下水供应的规划和运营。由于更好地了解了水如何流经具有代表性的伏尔塔河流域的集水区，结合最先进的气候、地表和地下水模型的成果，新的科学知识将有助于开发适当的工具用于各种规模的规划：基于含水层的家庭和生产用水供应的盆地范围的长期区域规划；当地范围的地下水供应的长期和季节性社区管理；以及提供信息，以便根据不断变化的干旱情况及时进行应急规划。新的观察能力和对用户脆弱性的评估，以及对将地方社区与国家政府联系起来的治理框架的理解，以及这一新的科学知识，将转化为能够进行参与性决策的形式。将在加纳和布基纳法索的八个社区内的一系列案例研究中试行规划工具的应用，使社区、从业人员和政策制定者汇聚一堂。将与这些社区一起开发一套有意义的地下水管理工具，专门处理他们想要和需要的信息，并将这些工具嵌入现有的地方、地区、国家和区域治理结构。该系统在试点社区的使用将有助于深入了解这种方法能够在多大程度上支持可持续的决策和公平的利用。此外，在与我们的伙伴协商之后，我们还将制定一种编制季节性地下水状况报告的方法，该报告将与布基纳法索和加纳新运行的Rainwatch-AfClix干旱预警系统相联系。BRAGE将为建立贫困社区对伏尔塔河流域气候多变和环境变化的适应能力做出贡献。项目成果将与负责供水发展的政府部门以及人道主义和发展组织直接相关。从项目开始就积极合作将鼓励所有权，最终共同设计和实施规划工具。这将使未来与减少灾害风险、适应和复原力相关的国家政策发生战略性转变，以支持加纳和布基纳法索最贫穷人口的水安全问题，并为更广泛的萨赫勒地区提供有关复原力建设的经验教训。