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FEC Recovery for Co-Chief Scientist Duties for Prof. Paul A. Wilson: IODP Expedition 342 Palaeogene Newfoundland sediment drifts

Paul A. Wilson 教授联席首席科学家职责的 FEC 回收：IODP Expedition 342 古近纪纽芬兰沉积物漂移

基本信息

批准号：
NE/K006800/1
负责人：
Paul Wilson
金额：
$ 8.78万
依托单位：
University of Southampton
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2012 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FK006800%2F1
关键词：
FEC Recovery Co Chief Scientist

项目摘要

Carbon dioxide, CO2, is a powerful greenhouse gas and its concentration in Earth's atmosphere has increased by around 35% since the start of the Industrial Revolution (in ca. 250 yrs) to a level that is higher than at any time in the past 800 thousand years as measured in air bubbles obtained from ice cores. If man-made (anthropogenic) CO2 emissions to the atmosphere follow projected rates, then by 2100, concentrations will reach values not seen since the Palaeogene epoch (ca. 65-23 million years ago, Ma) when Earth's climate was much warmer than today, featuring, for example, a genuinely green Greenland. These startling observations provide a powerful incentive to improve our understanding of the workings of the Palaeogene climate system.The Cenozoic palaeoclimate record is largely pieced together from the analysis of deep-sea sediments. It reveals a long-term climatic deterioration since the early Eocene (~55 Ma) with superimposed higher-frequency (10 to 100 thousand yearr timescale) variations including those paced by changes in Earth's orbit of the Sun and more extreme changes, both transient excursions and more persistent shifts in climate-state. In each case, the palaeoclimate archive indicates a close relationship between the climate signal observed and perturbation to the global carbon cycle.To decipher the physical and biogeochemical mechanisms that forced these changes in climate and the responses (feedback effects) we must determine rates and full magnitude of the changes involved. Until now this has proved difficult because virtually all of our records of Palaeogene climate change come from sites where sediments accumulate very slowly (~ 1 cm per thousand years). Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition, IODP Exp., 342 is designed to solve this problem by drilling a series of holes at sites where deep-sea sediments have accumulated at unusually fast rates (10 to 25 cm per thousand years). IODP Exp. 342 will drill a depth transect between ~2400 and 5000 m water depth into a number of sediment drifts of Paleogene age that were swept and piled up under the influence flow path of the Deep Western Boundary Current on J Anomaly Ridge and Southeast Newfoundland Ridge. The drill site area is famous because it is the graveyard of RMS Titanic, which sank after colliding with an iceberg en route from Southampton, England, to New York City, USA, in April 1912 and of the Andrea Gail, the commercial swordfish vessel from Gloucester, Massachusetts, lost at sea with all hands during the "Perfect Storm" of October 1991. These sediments to be drilled will provide an archive of changes in chemistry, flow history, and depth structure of waters exiting the Nordic seas and Arctic Ocean during the transition from an ice-free world featuring a genuinely green Greenland and lush forests on Antarctica.

二氧化碳 (CO2) 是一种强大的温室气体，自工业革命开始（约 250 年）以来，其在地球大气中的浓度增加了约 35%，达到了高于过去 80 万年中任何时候（通过从冰芯获得的气泡测量）的水平。如果向大气中的人为（人为）二氧化碳排放量遵循预计的速率，那么到 2100 年，浓度将达到自古近纪（约 65-2300 万年前，Ma）以来未见的值，当时地球的气候比今天温暖得多，例如，真正绿色的格陵兰岛。这些令人震惊的观测结果为提高我们对古近纪气候系统运作的理解提供了强大的动力。新生代古气候记录很大程度上是通过对深海沉积物的分析拼凑而成的。它揭示了自始新世早期（~55 Ma）以来的长期气候恶化，并叠加了高频（10至10万年的时间尺度）变化，包括以地球太阳轨道变化和更极端的变化为节奏的变化，包括短暂的偏移和更持久的气候状态变化。在每种情况下，古气候档案都表明观测到的气候信号与全球碳循环扰动之间存在密切关系。为了破译迫使这些气候变化的物理和生物地球化学机制以及响应（反馈效应），我们必须确定所涉及变化的速率和全部幅度。到目前为止，这已被证明是困难的，因为实际上我们所有的古近纪气候变化记录都来自沉积物积累非常缓慢的地点（每千年约 1 厘米）。综合海洋钻探计划探险队 (IODP Exp., 342) 旨在通过在深海沉积物以异常快的速度（每千年 10 至 25 厘米）积累的地点钻一系列孔来解决这个问题。 IODP Exp。 342将在约2400至5000米水深之间钻探一些古近纪沉积物漂移区，这些沉积物漂移区是在J异常海岭和东南纽芬兰海脊的深西边界流的影响下被冲刷和堆积的。该钻探区域之所以著名，是因为它是 1912 年 4 月从英国南安普敦飞往美国纽约途中与冰山相撞后沉没的皇家邮轮泰坦尼克号以及 1991 年 10 月“完美风暴”期间在海中全部遇难的来自马萨诸塞州格洛斯特的商业旗鱼船安德里亚盖尔号的墓地。这些待钻探的沉积物将提供化学变化的档案。从无冰世界过渡期间，北欧海域和北冰洋流出的水流历史和深度结构，其中包括真正绿色的格陵兰岛和南极洲茂密的森林。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Magnetostratigraphically-calibrated dinoflagellate cyst bioevents for the uppermost Eocene to lowermost Miocene of the western North Atlantic (IODP Expedition 342, Paleogene Newfoundland sediment drifts)

DOI：
10.1016/j.revpalbo.2016.08.002
发表时间：
2016-11
期刊：
Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Lisa M. Egger;K. Śliwińska;T. Peer;D. Liebrand;P. Lippert;O. Friedrich;P. Wilson;R. Norris;J. Pross
通讯作者：
Lisa M. Egger;K. Śliwińska;T. Peer;D. Liebrand;P. Lippert;O. Friedrich;P. Wilson;R. Norris;J. Pross

North Atlantic Evidence for a Unipolar Icehouse Climate State at the Eocene-Oligocene Transition

北大西洋始新世-渐新世过渡时期单极冰室气候状态的证据

DOI：
10.1029/2019pa003563
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Spray J
通讯作者：
Spray J

Meridional Contrasts in Productivity Changes Driven by the Opening of Drake Passage

DOI：
10.1002/2017pa003211
发表时间：
2018-03
期刊：
Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
J. Ladant;Y. Donnadieu;L. Bopp;C. Lear;P. Wilson
通讯作者：
J. Ladant;Y. Donnadieu;L. Bopp;C. Lear;P. Wilson

Late Maastrichtian carbon isotope stratigraphy and cyclostratigraphy of the Newfoundland Margin (Site U1403, IODP Leg 342)

DOI：
10.1127/nos/2017/0398
发表时间：
2018-03-01
期刊：
NEWSLETTERS ON STRATIGRAPHY
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Batenburg, Sietske J.;Friedrich, Oliver;Wilson, Paul A.
通讯作者：
Wilson, Paul A.

Transient temperature asymmetry between hemispheres in the Palaeogene Atlantic Ocean

DOI：
10.1038/s41561-018-0182-9
发表时间：
2018-07
期刊：
Nature Geoscience
影响因子：
18.3
作者：
Zhonghui Liu;Yuxin He;Yiqing Jiang;Huanye Wang;Weiguo Liu;S. Bohaty;P. Wilson
通讯作者：
Zhonghui Liu;Yuxin He;Yiqing Jiang;Huanye Wang;Weiguo Liu;S. Bohaty;P. Wilson