Physiology and stable isotope ecology of moss growth for modelling spatial and temporal climatic signals

苔藓生长的生理学和稳定同位素生态学，用于模拟时空气候信号

• 批准号: NE/M001946/1
• 负责人: Howard Griffiths
• 金额: $ 48.94万
• 依托单位: University of Cambridge
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2015 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FM001946%2F1
• 关键词: Physiology; stable; isotope; ecology; moss

The impact of climate change is predicted to be particularly intense in polar regions. Warmer and wetter conditions in the Arctic, where extensive moss dominated habitats are found, could lead to melting of permafrost and an increase in moss growth whilst forests decline. Our existing work has included developing innovative models which use the stable isotope composition of organic matter to provide information about moss growth. This work incorporated both moss preserved for thousands of years in Antarctic peat-moss banks, and desiccation-tolerant mosses that commonly grow on roofs and paths and are rapidly activated following a rain shower. Our previous work has shown that the stable isotope composition of carbon provides a reliable indicator of moss growing season, and the impact of climate change. However other naturally-occurring stable isotope signals in water (e.g 18O in water), associated with precipitation inputs and water vapour exchange, have until now been less well defined as markers of evaporative demand.In this proposal, we will increase our understanding of moss growth dynamics to include how plants respond to different evaporative conditions, how different types of moss grow, what conditions are best for the fixation of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and growth through the synthesis of organic matter. These developments in moss physiology will be integrated with local weather conditions in models of moss growth that can be applied across large areas to predict periods of plant growth. We will carry out laboratory experiments in which moss growth is manipulated, monitored and measured, using isotope labels and growth responses under different temperature, humidity and drying regimes. We will work on moss species that grow in a range of habitats from wet bog Sphagnums, through hummock forming Polytrichales to desiccation tolerant Syntrichia. At the field scale, the same mosses will be regularly monitored in their natural environment, testing how the experimentally determined dynamics apply within an ecologically relevant setting. The combination of lab and field measurements will firstly allow us to determine the controls on moss organic matter 18O composition as climatic conditions vary. Secondly, remote sensing field measurements will be made from a distance of several metres using newly developed LIFT (laser induced fluouresence transient) technology. By understanding the link between moss growth dynamics and photosynthetic activation over this larger spatial scale we will establish a baseline that will allow remote sensing methodologies, such as measurements from aeroplanes and satellites, to be used to monitor moss performance in the future.

据预测，气候变化的影响在极地地区尤为严重。在北极地区，气候变暖和潮湿，大量苔藓占主导地位的栖息地被发现，这可能导致永久冻土融化，苔藓生长增加，而森林减少。我们现有的工作包括开发创新模型，使用有机物的稳定同位素组成来提供有关苔藓生长的信息。这项工作结合了在南极泥炭藓银行保存了数千年的苔藓，以及通常生长在屋顶和道路上并在阵雨后迅速激活的耐干燥苔藓。我们以前的工作表明，碳的稳定同位素组成提供了苔藓生长季节和气候变化影响的可靠指标。然而，水中其他天然存在的稳定同位素信号（例如水中的18O），与降水输入和水蒸气交换有关，迄今为止还没有被很好地定义为蒸发需求的标志。在本提案中，我们将增加对苔藓生长动力学的理解，包括植物如何对不同的蒸发条件作出反应，不同类型的苔藓如何生长，什么样的条件最有利于从大气中固定二氧化碳，并通过有机物的合成进行生长。苔藓生理学的这些发展将与当地的天气条件相结合，形成苔藓生长模型，可应用于大面积的植物生长预测。我们将进行实验室实验，其中苔藓的生长是操纵，监测和测量，在不同的温度，湿度和干燥制度下使用同位素标记和生长反应。我们将研究生长在一系列栖息地的苔藓物种，从潮湿的沼泽泥炭藓，通过丘形成多毛类到耐干燥的合毛类。在实地规模，将定期监测相同的苔藓在其自然环境中，测试如何实验确定的动态应用在生态相关的设置。实验室和现场测量的结合将首先使我们能够确定控制苔藓有机质18O组成的气候条件变化。第二，将利用新开发的激光诱导荧光瞬变技术从几米远的地方进行遥感实地测量。通过了解苔藓生长动态和光合作用激活之间的联系，在这个更大的空间尺度上，我们将建立一个基线，将允许遥感方法，如从飞机和卫星的测量，用于监测苔藓的性能在未来。

项目成果

Widespread Biological Response to Rapid Warming on the Antarctic Peninsula

对南极半岛快速变暖的广泛生物反应

• DOI: 10.17863/cam.10282
• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Amesbury M

Latitudinal Biogeographic Structuring in the Globally Distributed Moss Ceratodon purpureus.

全球分布的苔​​藓角齿象的纬度生物地理结构。

• DOI: 10.17863/cam.58209
• 发表时间: 2020
• 作者: Biersma E

Electrical output of bryophyte microbial fuel cell systems is sufficient to power a radio or an environmental sensor.

• DOI: 10.1098/rsos.160249
• 发表时间: 2016-10
• 期刊: Royal Society open science
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Bombelli P;Dennis RJ;Felder F;Cooper MB;Madras Rajaraman Iyer D;Royles J;Harrison ST;Smith AG;Harrison CJ;Howe CJ
• 通讯作者: Howe CJ

Climate and soils together regulate photosynthetic carbon isotope discrimination within C3 plants worldwide

气候和土壤共同调节全球 C3 植物的光合碳同位素歧视

• DOI: 10.17863/cam.35987
• 发表时间: 2018
• 作者: Cornwell W

Spatially coherent late Holocene Antarctic Peninsula surface air temperature variability

• DOI: 10.1130/g45347.1
• 发表时间: 2018-12-01
• 期刊: GEOLOGY
• 影响因子: 5.8
• 作者: Charman, Dan J.;Amesbury, Matthew J.;Griffiths, Howard
• 通讯作者: Griffiths, Howard