MillNET_i: Millets and Nutritional Enhancement Traits for Iron bioavailability

MillNET_i：小米和铁生物利用度的营养增强特性

• 批准号: BB/S013954/1
• 负责人: Howard Griffiths
• 金额: $ 206.88万
• 依托单位: University of Cambridge
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FS013954%2F1
• 关键词: MillNET_i; Millets; Nutritional; Enhancement; Traits

Iron deficiency remains the most prevalent nutritional deficiency worldwide, affecting an estimated 4 to 6 billion people. Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is the largest nutritional deficiency disorder in the world and one of the five leading causes of global disease burden. At any given moment, more individuals suffer from IDA than any other health problem with a staggering 1.24 billion affected individuals worldwide.In developing countries, millets are the most common form of cereals, often cultivated by female small holders in semi-arid tropic regions. Their resistance to drought and climate variability, along with nutrient dense characteristics, is attracting an increasing number of small scale farmers and governments in Sub Saharan Africa. While the nutritional value of millets has been identified, there has been limited progress on the creation of functional foods that are readily acceptable to populations. Biofortification of millets is also an emerging area research for enhancing nutritional quality.The goals of the two-year MillNETi are to tackle the major issue of iron bioavailability (relative to biofortification) by promoting the use and preparation of pearl and finger millets, initially in Ethiopia and The Gambia, but of wider relevance for many semi-arid regions of Africa. The programme has been co-created with colleagues in India, Ethiopia and The Gambia, and a consortium of UK expertise and will undertake fundamental scientific investigations for the GROWTH, PROCESSING and monitoring of iron BIOAVAILABILTY, allied to social science methodologies to disseminate knowledge and improved practices in cultivation and food preparation (EXTENSION) to regional populations. The programme builds on an existing programme of biofortification (ICRISAT), bioavailability testing (MRC- Gambia), and social science studies indicating that rural - urban migration is creating a demand for more nutritious foods such as millets both in The Gambia and Ethiopia.We will explore the basis of variation in crop iron uptake and availability traits in millets from contrasting regions and cropping practices (GROWTH: NIAB, UCAM, ICRISAT, EIAR). Additional research in Ethiopia on food preparation and processing (PROCESSING: BDU, ICRISAT, UCAM, MRC-Gambia) will be linked with a programme of internationally-validated human nutrition intervention studies (BIOAVAILABILITY: MRC-Gambia, UCAM), analysing plasma bioavailability of iron in healthy adult female representatives from local populations. As well as outreach to improve the nutrition and health of rural communities (EXTENSION (CGE/JeCCDO, BDU, UCAM: CGC, GFS IRC, CAPREX) additional insights from MillNETi on rural-urban linkages will be associated with the practice of food remitting, and potential role in food security, improved nutritional status and marketing opportunities for rural populations. These highly original observations will be of international significance for many populations in Africa and India, where the rural-urban divide represents a complex and interlinked reality of 'stretched' or 'multi-nodal' households.

缺铁仍然是全世界最普遍的营养缺乏症，估计影响着 4 至 60 亿人。缺铁性贫血（IDA）是世界上最大的营养缺乏症，也是全球疾病负担的五个主要原因之一。在任何特定时刻，患有 IDA 的人数比任何其他健康问题都要多，全世界受影响的人数达到惊人的 12.4 亿。 在发展中国家，小米是最常见的谷物形式，通常由半干旱热带地区的女性小农种植。它们对干旱和气候变化的抵抗力以及营养丰富的特性正在吸引越来越多的撒哈拉以南非洲小规模农民和政府。尽管小米的营养价值已被确定，但在开发易于为人们接受的功能性食品方面进展有限。小米的生物强化也是提高营养质量的一个新兴领域研究。为期两年的 MillNETi 的目标是通过推广珍珠小米和手指小米的使用和制备来解决铁生物利用率（相对于生物强化）的主要问题，最初是在埃塞俄比亚和冈比亚，但与非洲许多半干旱地区具有更广泛的相关性。该计划是与印度、埃塞俄比亚和冈比亚的同事以及英国专业知识联盟共同创建的，将对铁生物利用度的生长、加工和监测进行基础科学研究，并与社会科学方法相结合，向区域人口传播知识和改进种植和食品制备（推广）实践。该计划建立在现有的生物强化计划 (ICRISAT)、生物利用度测试 (MRC-冈比亚) 和社会科学研究的基础上，这些研究表明，从农村到城市的迁移正在冈比亚和埃塞俄比亚创造了对小米等更有营养的食品的需求。我们将探索不同地区和种植实践中小米作物铁吸收和可用性特征变化的基础（GROWTH：NIAB， UCAM、ICRISAT、EIAR）。埃塞俄比亚关于食品制备和加工的其他研究（处理：BDU、ICRISAT、UCAM、MRC-冈比亚）将与国际验证的人类营养干预研究计划（生物利用率：MRC-冈比亚、UCAM）联系起来，分析当地健康成年女性代表的血浆铁生物利用度。除了改善农村社区营养和健康的外展活动（扩展（CGE/JeCCDO、BDU、UCAM：CGC、GFS IRC、CAPREX），MillNETi 关于城乡联系的其他见解将与粮食汇款实践以及粮食安全、改善营养状况和农村人口营销机会的潜在作用相关。这些高度原创的观察对于许多人来说具有国际意义。 非洲和印度的人口，城乡差距代表了“捉襟见肘”或“多节点”家庭的复杂且相互关联的现实。

项目成果

A longitudinal investigation of dietary diversity during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mandinka households in Kanifing, Brikama, and the West Kiang region in The Gambia.

• DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.907969
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Sidebottom, Richard;Wassie, Solomon Bizuayehu;Cerami, Carla;Jallow, Momodou W.;Fennell, Shailaja;Dalzell, Sarah
• 通讯作者: Dalzell, Sarah

Could nutrition modulate COVID-19 susceptibility and severity of disease? A systematic review

• DOI: 10.1101/2020.10.19.20214395
• 发表时间: 2020-10
• 期刊: medRxiv
• 作者: P. James;Zaka Ali;A. Armitage;A. Bonell;C. Cerami;H. Drakesmith;M. Jobe;K. Jones;Zara Liew

Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Asian History

牛津研究亚洲历史百科全书

• DOI: 10.1093/acrefore/9780190277727.013.308
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Fennell S