Maximising science-to-policy outcomes from NERC funded ocean acidification research

最大限度地提高 NERC 资助的海洋酸化研究的科学到政策成果

• 批准号: NE/P006698/1
• 负责人: Carol Turley
• 金额: $ 16.34万
• 依托单位: Plymouth Marine Laboratory
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FP006698%2F1
• 关键词: Maximising; science; policy; outcomes; NERC

Ocean acidification (OA) is a relatively newly described process that refers to major changes to the ocean's chemistry, mainly caused by ocean uptake of human produced emissions of CO2 to the atmospheric. OA poses substantial risks to all marine ecosystems through the impacts on the physiology, behaviour, and population dynamics of individual species. OA research has grown substantially over the last 5 years with investigations across many disciplines. The complexity of experiments and approaches has also grown as scientists have aimed at a better understanding of future impacts for ecosystems and society. Initially experiments were simple and short term and only addressed effects of OA. However, other ocean stressors act at the same time as OA, such as ocean warming and deoxygenation and sea level rise. Now investigations are more complex looking at effects from multiple stressors over longer time scales, some manipulate whole ecosystems, others look at adaptation potential, others investigate similar events in the geological record, others look at the potential socio economic consequences while global and regional modelling project what the ocean chemistry will be like in the future under different CO2 emissions scenarios.The product of these wide ranging studies published in the scientific literature is an increasing awareness that there is a broad variety of sensitivities and often complex responses amongst organisms but that overall marine ecosystems are highly likely to change in the future. The degree of change will depend on society's actions to reduce CO2 emissions. Such actions are discussed and negotiated at the UNFCCC COPs. It is therefore important that that the effects of CO2 emissions on the ocean, its ecosystems and societies that depend on them are part of the discussion. The synthesis of all this rapidly growing, often complex multidisciplinary, information can be difficult for non-scientists to assess. It is therefore essential to communicate the latest research in context of the full literature in an understandable form for policy makers and other stakeholders. This is the aim of this proposed fellowship. To do this well, to fill the science-policy gap, one must have the trust of both scientists and policy makers and an understanding of the science as well as the policy need. I am fortunate enough to have developed such trust and understanding over the last 10 years.I will liaise, through emails and meetings, with scientists on forthcoming research publications and contribute to their analyses of how to gain enhanced impact of their NERC funded science. I will analyse, interpret and synthesise evidence on OA and other ocean stressors and brief UK Government Departments on the latest findings and set these within a global context. I will provide advice on the quality and relevance of evidence as well as give rapid, ad-hoc advice on specific issues when required. I will also brief and advise other non-governmental stakeholders of the latest scientific evidence.I will also collaborate with other national research programmes and institutions to ensure the knowledge gained by all nations' programmes are effectively and jointly communicated to national and international policy makers. This will be achieved through attendance at their programme meetings and via email communication. I will work with international OA networks and centres (OA-ICC, OAiRUG, GOA-ON), to foster coordination and collaboration of new scientific research, and to enhance understanding and knowledge exchange with policy makers. In collaboration with the OAiRUG, I will organise a UK science-policy workshop, of key research scientists and stakeholders. In collaboration with other scientists, from the UK and other nations, I will communicate the findings at least annually to UN bodies, including the UNFCCC, and to the delegates during the key annual climate change negotiations so that informed decision making can be made.

海洋酸化（OA）是一个相对较新的描述过程，指的是海洋化学的重大变化，主要是由海洋吸收人类排放到大气中的二氧化碳引起的。OA通过对单个物种的生理、行为和种群动态的影响，对所有海洋生态系统构成重大风险。在过去的5年中，OA研究在许多学科的调查中得到了长足的发展。随着科学家们致力于更好地了解未来对生态系统和社会的影响，实验和方法的复杂性也在增加。最初的实验是简单和短期的，只涉及OA的影响。然而，其他海洋压力源与OA同时起作用，如海洋变暖和脱氧以及海平面上升。现在的调查更加复杂，着眼于在更长的时间尺度上多种压力源的影响，一些控制整个生态系统，另一些研究适应潜力，另一些研究地质记录中的类似事件，另一些研究潜在的社会经济后果，同时全球和区域建模项目在不同的二氧化碳排放情景下海洋化学将会是什么样子。发表在科学文献上的这些范围广泛的研究的结果是，人们越来越意识到，生物之间存在着各种各样的敏感性，往往是复杂的反应，但整个海洋生态系统在未来极有可能发生变化。变化的程度将取决于社会减少二氧化碳排放的行动。这些行动在UNFCCC缔约方会议上进行了讨论和谈判。因此，重要的是，二氧化碳排放对海洋、海洋生态系统和依赖海洋的社会的影响是讨论的一部分。所有这些快速增长的，通常是复杂的多学科信息的综合，对于非科学家来说很难评估。因此，必须以一种可理解的形式向政策制定者和其他利益相关者传达完整文献背景下的最新研究。这就是这个提议的奖学金的目的。为了做好这一点，为了填补科学政策的空白，一个人必须得到科学家和决策者的信任，并且既了解科学又了解政策需要。在过去的10年里，我很幸运能够建立起这样的信任和理解。我将通过电子邮件和会议与科学家就即将发表的研究出版物进行联络，并帮助他们分析如何增强其NERC资助的科学的影响力。我将分析、解释和综合有关OA和其他海洋压力源的证据，并向英国政府部门介绍最新发现，并将这些发现置于全球背景下。我将就证据的质量和相关性提供建议，并在需要时就具体问题提供快速的特别建议。我还将向其他非政府利益攸关方介绍最新的科学证据并向其提供建议。我还将与其他国家研究方案和机构合作，确保所有国家方案所获得的知识有效和共同地传达给国家和国际决策者。这将通过出席他们的方案会议和通过电子邮件通信来实现。我将与国际OA网络和中心（OA- icc、OAiRUG、GOA-ON）合作，促进新科学研究的协调与合作，并加强与决策者的理解和知识交流。在OAiRUG的合作下，我将组织一个由主要研究科学家和利益相关者参加的英国科学政策研讨会。我将与来自英国和其他国家的其他科学家合作，至少每年向包括《联合国气候变化框架公约》在内的联合国机构，以及在关键的年度气候变化谈判期间向代表们通报这些发现，以便做出明智的决策。

项目成果

Impacts of ocean acidification in a warming Mediterranean Sea: An overview

地中海变暖海洋酸化的影响：概述

• DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2015.12.005
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Regional Studies in Marine Science
• 影响因子: 2.1
• 作者: Lacoue-Labarthe T

Oceans of Impact

影响海洋

• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Turley C

IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate

IPCC关于气候变化中的海洋和冰冻圈的特别报告

• 发表时间: 2019
• 作者: Collins, M.,

What has the UK Ocean Acidification research programme told us?

英国海洋酸化研究计划告诉我们什么？

• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Boot K

Open Ocean: Status and Trends, Summary for Policy Makers.

开放海洋：现状和趋势，政策制定者摘要。

• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Fischer A