Reducing the ice hazard on smart motorways

这个与英国高速公路共同设计的项目将减少高速公路上的冰灾风险。作为全国智能高速公路试验的一部分，全车道和硬路肩跑被用来增加英国高速公路网关键路段的通行能力。然而，这种方法与传统的道路拓宽一起，对冬季道路维护战略产生了影响。高速公路车道之间存在着显著的表面温差，高速公路内外车道之间存在2摄氏度的温差并不罕见。例如，在硬路肩行驶的情况下，内侧车道和以前没有交通的高速公路硬路肩之间的差异将是显著的。其结果是，当硬路肩首次开放通行时(例如在早上高峰时间)，该车道上可能存在结冰危险，而其他车道保持在结冰以上。有必要更好地了解和监测这些温差，以便将其纳入英国高速公路使用的冬季维护策略。该项目将转化先前研究项目开发的现有技术，以量化高速公路车道之间的温差。这些数据将通过物联网的方式实时获得，提醒工程师需要在较冷的车道上进行格栅操作。因此，该项目不仅将影响项目合作伙伴的行动(有可能节省砂砾作业的资金)，而且还将改善所有道路使用者的网络安全。考虑到英国下议院选定的交通委员会正在对“全车道运行”进行调查，该项目尤其及时。该项目的总体目标是开发一个决策支持系统原型，该系统将提供有关所有高速公路车道表面温度的信息，这些信息可用于节约效率，并在硬路肩通车前进行咨询。这一目标将通过以下目标实现：1.在高速公路门架上安装联网的低成本传感器横断面，提供所有车道的表面温度信息。开发一个基于云的数据中心，以处理和可视化数据3。将数据集成到现有的冬季维护/智能高速公路战略中。这个简短的项目有两个关键交付成果。首先，该项目将提供关于多车道道路温差的默认知识。然后，这些信息可以用于在整个网络中更普遍地告知冬季维护策略，而无需进行大量的进一步投资。其次，原型决策支持系统将在选定的路段上提供详细和可靠的实时测量，从而为项目合作伙伴节省效率。鉴于这种方法与“智能高速公路”方法的兼容性，这种方法可以很容易地扩展到整个网络。该项目将持续7个月，覆盖冬季的大部分时间(2016年11月至2017年5月)，费用约为GB 70k(GB 56k 80%FEC)。

This co-designed project with Highways England will reduce the ice hazard on motorways. As part of a nationwide trial of smart motorways, 'all lane' and 'hard shoulder running' are being used to increase capacity on critical sections of the GB motorway network. However, this approach, along with traditional road widening, has implications for winter road maintenance strategy. Significant surface temperature differences exist between lanes on motorways and it is not uncommon to find a difference of 2C between the inside and outside lane of the motorway. For example, in the case of hard shoulder running, differences between the inside lane and the previously un-trafficked hard shoulder of the motorway will be significant. A consequence of this, is when the hard shoulder is first opened to traffic (e.g. during the morning rush hour), an ice hazard may exist on this lane, whilst the other lanes remain above freezing. There is a need to better understand, and monitor, these differences in temperature so that it can be incorporated into the winter maintenance strategy used by Highways England.This project will translate existing technology developed on previous research projects to quantify the temperature difference between motorway lanes. The data will be available in real time, using an 'internet of things' approach alerting engineers of the need to conduct gritting operations on cooler lanes. Hence, this project will not only impact on the actions of the project partners (potentially saving money on gritting operations), but will also improve the safety of the network for all road users. The project is particularly timely given the ongoing inquiry into 'all lane running' by the commons select transport committee.The overall aim of this project is to produce a prototype decision support system that will provide information regarding the surface temperature of all motorway lanes which can be used to make efficiency savings as well as being consulted prior to opening the hard shoulder to traffic. This aim will be realised by the following objectives:1. Installation of transects of networked low-cost sensors across motorway gantries, providing surface temperature information across all lanes.2. Development of a cloud based data hub to process and visualise data3. Integration of data into existing winter maintenance / smart motorways strategies.This short project has two key deliverables. Firstly, the project will provide tacit knowledge of temperature differences on multi-laned roads. This information can then be used inform winter maintenance strategy more generally across the network without significant further investment. Secondly, the prototype decision support system will provide detailed and reliable real-time measurements on the selected road section leading to efficiency savings for the project partner. This approach could readily be extended across the network, given the compatibility of this approach with the 'smart motorway' approach. The project will last for 7 months to cover a substantial part of the winter season (November 2016 - May 2017) and will cost in the region of £70k (£56k 80% FEC).