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SWEET:Super-Warm Early Eocene Temperatures and climate: understanding the response of the Earth to high CO2 through integrated modelling and data

SWEET：始新世早期超温暖温度和气候：通过综合建模和数据了解地球对高二氧化碳的反应

基本信息

批准号：
NE/P01903X/1
负责人：
Dan Lunt
金额：
$ 141.4万
依托单位：
University of Bristol
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FP01903X%2F1
关键词：
SWEET Super Warm Early Eocene

项目摘要

The Earth's climate is currently changing rapidly, primarily due to emissions of greenhouse gases caused by human industrialisation. These emissions are projected to increase through this century, and under some scenarios atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations could reach more than 1000 parts per million (ppm) by the year 2100, compared with 280 ppm prior to industrialisation. In order to predict the sociological, environmental, and economic impacts of such scenarios, and thus to better prepare for them, the only tool at our disposal is climate modelling. In order to assess our confidence in predictions from climate models, they are routinely tested under conditions of known climate. However, this testing (and associated tuning of the models) is almost exclusively carried out under modern climate conditions, and relative to recently observed climate change, for which CO2 concentrations are less than 400 ppmv. As such, our state-of-the-art climate models have never been tested under the high CO2, super-warm climate conditions to which they are primarily applied, and upon which major policy decisions are made.However, there exist time periods in Earth's deeper past (for example the Eocene, about 50 million years ago) when CO2 concentrations were similar to those expected by the end of this century; but climatological information from these time periods is currently sparse and is associated with large uncertainties, and the exact concentrations of CO2 are only poorly known. Recent changes in our understanding of how the geological record preserves climate signals, and developments in laboratory techniques, mean that for the first time there exists a new and exciting opportunity to remedy this situation and provide a much-needed evaluation of our very latest climate models in a super-warm world.In SWEET, we will apply these emerging techniques, and develop new methodologies and tools, to produce a global dataset of Eocene temperatures. Coupled with new and high-fidelity reconstructions of Eocene CO2 concentrations, and state-of-the-art maps of the 'palaeogeograpy' (continental positions, mountain ranges, ocean depths etc.), we will use this dataset to test a state-of-the art climate model under high atmospheric CO2, Eocene conditions. The model, UKESM, is identical to that being used by the UK Met Office in the international 'CMIP6' project, which itself will be the primary input to the next Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assessment report. We will also use our data and additional model simulations (running at high spatial resolution) to investigate the relative importance of the various mechanisms which determine the response of the Earth system to high CO2 and to changes in palaeogeography.A characteristic of SWEET is that we will take full account of uncertainties in the geological data and the modelling, and our model-data comparisons will be underpinned by a statistical framework which incorporates these uncertainties. We will also adopt a 'multi-proxy' approach by using several independent geological archives to reconstruct temperature. For one of these archives, namely the oxygen isotopic composition of the fossilised shells of microscopic marine creatures from the Eocene, we will apply a particularly innovative approach which will enable us to 'resurrect' previously discredited data, by using an extremely fine-scale 'ion probe' to investigate how these isotopic signatures of past climate change are recorded in individual fossils.SWEET has strong links to UK Met Office, and to the international DeepMIP project, which is part of the 'Palaeoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project', itself part of CMIP6. We expect our results to feed into the next IPCC assessment reports and therefore to ultimately inform policy.

地球气候目前正在迅速变化，主要是由于人类工业化造成的温室气体排放。预计这些排放将在本世纪增加，在某些情况下，到2100年大气中的二氧化碳浓度可能达到百万分之1000以上，而工业化之前的浓度为百万分之280。为了预测这些情景对社会、环境和经济的影响，从而更好地为它们做好准备，我们可以使用的唯一工具就是气候模型。为了评估我们对气候模型预测的信心，在已知气候条件下对它们进行常规测试。然而，这种测试（以及相关的模型调整）几乎完全是在现代气候条件下进行的，并且与最近观测到的气候变化有关，其中二氧化碳浓度低于400 ppmv。因此，我们最先进的气候模型从未在它们主要应用的高二氧化碳、超温暖的气候条件下进行过测试，而这些气候条件是制定重大政策决策的基础。然而，在地球较深的过去时期（例如始新世，大约5000万年前），二氧化碳浓度与本世纪末的预期浓度相似；但目前来自这些时期的气候信息很少，而且存在很大的不确定性，而且人们对二氧化碳的确切浓度知之甚少。最近我们对地质记录如何保存气候信号的理解的变化，以及实验室技术的发展，意味着我们第一次有了一个新的、令人兴奋的机会来纠正这种情况，并为我们在一个超级温暖的世界中最新的气候模型提供一个急需的评估。在SWEET中，我们将应用这些新兴技术，并开发新的方法和工具，以产生始新世温度的全球数据集。结合全新的、高保真的始新世二氧化碳浓度重建，以及最先进的“古地理”地图（大陆位置、山脉、海洋深度等），我们将使用该数据集在始新世高大气二氧化碳条件下测试最先进的气候模型。这个名为UKESM的模型与英国气象局在国际“CMIP6”项目中使用的模型相同，该项目本身将成为下一个政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）评估报告的主要输入。我们还将使用我们的数据和额外的模型模拟（在高空间分辨率下运行）来调查各种机制的相对重要性，这些机制决定了地球系统对高二氧化碳和古地理变化的响应。SWEET的一个特点是，我们将充分考虑地质数据和建模中的不确定性，我们的模型数据比较将以包含这些不确定性的统计框架为基础。我们还将采用“多代理”方法，使用几个独立的地质档案来重建温度。对于这些档案之一，即始新世微观海洋生物化石壳的氧同位素组成，我们将采用一种特别创新的方法，通过使用极其精细的“离子探针”来研究过去气候变化的这些同位素特征如何记录在单个化石中，这将使我们能够“复活”以前不可信的数据。SWEET与英国气象局和国际DeepMIP项目有着密切的联系，该项目是“古气候模拟比较项目”的一部分，也是CMIP6的一部分。我们希望我们的研究结果能纳入IPCC的下一份评估报告，从而最终为政策提供依据。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Linking Equatorial African Precipitation to Kelvin Wave Processes in the CP4-Africa Convection-Permitting Regional Climate Simulation

在 CP4-非洲允许对流区域气候模拟中将赤道非洲降水与开尔文波过程联系起来

DOI：
10.1175/jas-d-21-0039.1
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Ayesiga G
通讯作者：
Ayesiga G

Inclusion of a suite of weathering tracers in the cGENIE Earth system model – muffin release v.0.9.23

DOI：
10.5194/gmd-14-4187-2021
发表时间：
2021-07
期刊：
Geoscientific Model Development
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Markus Adloff;A. Ridgwell;F. Monteiro;I. Parkinson;A. Dickson;Philip A. E. Pogge von Strandmann;M. Fantle;S. Greene
通讯作者：
Markus Adloff;A. Ridgwell;F. Monteiro;I. Parkinson;A. Dickson;Philip A. E. Pogge von Strandmann;M. Fantle;S. Greene

Unravelling the sources of carbon emissions at the onset of Oceanic Anoxic Event (OAE) 1a