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Mainstreaming green infrastructure in planning policy and decision making: Translating NERC science into a co-produced spatial planning toolkit

将绿色基础设施纳入规划政策和决策的主流：将 NERC 科学转化为共同制作的空间规划工具包

基本信息

批准号：
NE/R00398X/1
负责人：
Alister Scott
金额：
$ 21.53万
依托单位：
Northumbria University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FR00398X%2F1
关键词：
Mainstreaming green infrastructure planning policy

项目摘要

Green Infrastructure (GI) has emerged as a multifunctional planning concept with potential to address urban planning challenges as "natural" assets. There is an weighty academic and policy literature in support of this. However, to date GI potential has not been effectively mainstreamed into planning policy, practice and decision-making processes due to a lack of evidence quantifying its claimed multiple benefits; a lack of suitable delivery mechanisms and declining local authority resources due to budgetary cuts. This has made GI vulnerable in the congested and contested policy arenas where it is often trumped by economic growth and housing priorities. Nevertheless, some progress has been made within ecosystem services and natural capital assessments and NERC's 12 targeted GI projects. However, there is a marked absence of viable delivery mechanisms for urban decision makers. Indeed, many planning decisions/investments rely on conventional cost benefit analysis models which poorly incorporate environmental aspects. So, drawing upon my own research experience in 3 NERC projects associated with GI and its use in the planning system, I have prioritised 4 critical GI challenges to underpin this project (1) What constitutes success in the provision and delivery of GI in the planning system? (2) How can we translate existing NERC science associated with the value and benefits of GI into fit for purpose delivery tools for policy and practice? (3) How can we evaluate the added value of GI planning policies and interventions? (4) How can we change/influence behaviour(s) of key actors in the planning arena regarding their valuation and use of GI? My role as a NERC fellow is to address these challenges by acting as a catalyst integrating multiple planning policy and practice viewpoints across key stakeholders who use/shape the planning system. These participants will co-produce the projects outputs within a managed process that is developmental, pragmatic and peer reviewed; delivering a suite of guidance, tools and resources that mainstream GI in policy and decision making. In support of these goals, I have teamed up with the Town and Country Planning Association, a recognized NGO champion and thought leader in GI innovation, policy, research and practice in a 3 year secondment. My KE workplan is built on 7 workstreams (WS) which provide a coherent framework to address the 4 challenges. WS1 and WS2 Review and translate previous/existing NERC research (WS1) and policy/practice (WS2) findings and lessons into a state of science evidence report on GI potential upon which other WS then build upon. Additionally both WS1/2 include time to respond to and inform new policy and legislation that may affect GI over the 3 years through policy briefings and formal consultation responses. WS3 works with 9 influential user groups shaping/delivering planning policy and practice (Councillors; DCLG; Professional Institutes; Planning Inspectorate; Academics; Public, Private and voluntary sectors and devolved governments) in a series of developmental workshops. Workshops initially identify user needs and barriers to mainstreaming GI, to then consider the design of suitable GI resources to then actively using them within their own practice. Information is shared within and across the groups at each stage. WS4 uses 6 "living laboratory" studies across a sample of live GI projects involving different agencies, scales and sectors to assess critically current/emerging GI delivery and decision-making methods. Methods include interviews, researcher observation and participant reflection. WS5 runs in parallel with WS3 and involves working with a GI partnership members in workshops on each challenge with follow up shared email iterations with WS3 groups to co-design a draft GI resource kit. This is then pilot tested in WS6 within 3 different planning settings. WS7 Provides an accessible and Knowledge Exchange Web Portal hosting all project resources and data.

绿色基础设施(GI)已成为一种多功能规划概念，具有作为“天然”资产应对城市规划挑战的潜力。有大量的学术和政策文献支持这一点。然而，迄今为止，由于缺乏量化其声称的多重惠益的证据；缺乏适当的交付机制；由于预算削减，地方当局的资源不断减少，GI潜力尚未有效地纳入规划政策、实践和决策进程的主流。这使得GI在拥挤和竞争激烈的政策领域变得脆弱不堪，在这些领域，GI往往被经济增长和住房优先事项所压倒。尽管如此，在生态系统服务和自然资本评估以及NERC的12个目标GI项目方面取得了一些进展。然而，城市决策者明显缺乏可行的交付机制。事实上，许多规划决策/投资依赖于传统的成本效益分析模型，这些模型不能很好地纳入环境因素。因此，根据我自己在3个与地理信息相关的国家地理信息中心项目及其在规划系统中的使用的研究经验，我优先考虑了4个关键的地理信息挑战来支持这个项目：(1)什么构成了在规划系统中提供和交付地理信息的成功？(2)我们如何将现有的与地理信息的价值和好处相关的国家地理信息中心科学转化为适合于政策和实践的目的交付工具？(3)我们如何评估地理信息规划政策和干预措施的附加值？(4)我们如何改变/影响规划领域关键行为者对地理信息的估值和使用(S)？作为一名NERC研究员，我的角色是通过充当催化剂，整合使用/塑造规划系统的关键利益相关者的多种规划政策和实践观点，以应对这些挑战。这些参与者将在一个发展的、务实的和同行审查的受管过程中共同产生项目产出；提供一套指导、工具和资源，将全球倡议纳入政策和决策的主流。为了支持这些目标，我与城市和乡村规划协会合作，该协会是公认的非政府组织倡导者和思想领袖，在GI创新、政策、研究和实践方面借调了3年。我的KE工作计划建立在7个工作流(WS)之上，这些工作流提供了一个连贯的框架来应对4个挑战。WS1和WS2审查并将以前/现有的NERC研究(WS1)和政策/实践(WS2)的结果和教训转化为关于GI潜力的科学证据报告，其他WS随后将其建立在此基础上。此外，两份WS1/2都包括通过政策简报和正式协商答复，对可能在三年内影响GI的新政策和立法作出回应和通报的时间。WS3与9个有影响力的用户群体合作，在一系列发展讲习班上制定/提供规划政策和实践(议员、规划咨询小组、专业学会、规划督察局、学者、公共、私营和志愿部门以及下放的政府)。讲习班首先确定用户需求和将地理信息纳入主流的障碍，然后考虑设计合适的地理信息资源，然后在自己的实践中积极使用这些资源。在每个阶段，信息在组内和组间共享。WS4在涉及不同机构、规模和部门的现场GI项目样本中使用了6项“活实验室”研究，以评估关键的当前/新兴的GI交付和决策方法。研究方法包括访谈、研究者观察和参与者反思。WS5与WS3并行运行，涉及在研讨会上与GI伙伴关系成员就每个挑战进行合作，并与WS3小组进行后续共享电子邮件迭代，以共同设计GI资源工具包草案。然后在WS6中，在3个不同的规划设置中进行试点测试。WS7提供了一个可访问的知识交流Web门户，托管所有项目资源和数据。