Linking sustainable food with food waste in policy; a NERC innovation placement in WRAP.

在全球范围内，粮食生产占用水量的70%、土地使用量的90%和温室气体排放量的30%。按照目前的轨迹，未来35年粮食产量将需要增加60%至100%，这对未来粮食系统的可持续性甚至可行性提出了问题。同时，目前的消费模式造成了巨大的环境和社会问题。通过消除食物浪费，可以节省多达三分之一用于生产食物的资源。然而，很多食物也因为过度消费而“损失”了。在英国，食物的数量和种类都不符合我们的身体需要，也不符合我们的环境能提供的最好和最有效的食物。许多科学报告表明，除非我们也“修复”“西方”的饮食模式，否则我们无法“修复”气候。食品过度消费的外部性是由社会承担的。由于公共卫生成本、导致气候变化的直接和间接排放、为开垦农业用地而砍伐森林等原因，因此，出于社会、环境和经济原因，需要改变政策，以提高供应链的效率、减少浪费和改变食物选择。废物和资源行动计划（WRAP）是英国预防食物浪费的主要机构，也是全球的关键参与者，与政府、企业和社区合作，通过全国性的活动和全行业的承诺，带来积极的变化。这一创新项目使WRAP有机会扩大其能力领域，包括可持续粮食生产和消费的各个方面，特别是通过健康的可持续饮食改变食物选择及其与减少食物浪费的相互作用。这代表了WRAP议程的变化，它补充了他们减少食物浪费的核心计划，并将WRAP转变为可持续粮食政策中值得信赖和全球认可的声音。对于这一创新安置，知识交流研究员Christian Reynolds博士将综合NERC和UKRI资助的研究项目的发现，将其转化为WRAP及其行业合作伙伴可以获得的新颖产出和政策建议。雷诺兹博士是一名食物浪费和可持续饮食专家，熟悉谢菲尔德大学、N8农业食品项目和更广泛的英国研究界的学术研究、数据和技能。雷诺兹博士位于谢菲尔德大学可持续食品期货，该大学通过对农业食品系统的综合跨学科调查来解决全球粮食安全问题。N8农业食品项目是一个跨学科的研究项目，将世界领先的作物和牲畜研究与8所研究型大学（达勒姆、兰开斯特、利兹、利物浦、曼彻斯特、纽卡斯尔、谢菲尔德和约克）的广泛社会科学专业知识结合起来。N8Agrifood专注于确保面对环境和社会经济挑战的国家和全球农业食品供应链。N8最近通过IknowFood计划（约克）获得了NERC和BBSRC的资助。创新安置将通过N8将NERC的研究能力与WRAP及其行业合作伙伴联系起来，并为WRAP当前的运营和政策制定增加价值。雷诺兹博士将协助的关键领域包括：1)份量和包装——它们对饮食和食物浪费的影响；2)理清人们吃什么和浪费什么之间的关系；3)根据学术研究、证据和数据制定政策建议和行业协议。这包括与英国和全球合作伙伴[1]机械工程师学会的合作，“全球食品-不浪费，不匮乏”，2013年伦敦[1]T。Garnett，“电镀解决方案”，《科学》（80-）。，第353卷，第353号。630,2016 [3]NERC研究：在城市地区生产和消费自己的食物的健康风险和收益（谢菲尔德），IKnowFood（约克）

Globally, producing food accounts for 70% of water use, 90% of land use and 30% of greenhouse gas emissions. On the current trajectory, food production will need to increase by 60-100% in the next 35 years, posing questions for the sustainability or even viability of such a future food system. Concurrently, present consumption patterns cause large environmental and societal issues. Up to a third of the resources used to produce food could be saved by eliminating food waste[1]. However, much food is also 'lost' to over-consumption. Both the quantity and the types of food consumed in the UK are not aligned with what our bodies need, or what our environment can best and most efficiently provide. Numerous scientific reports have shown that we cannot 'fix' the climate, unless we also 'fix' the 'western' eating patterns[2]. The externalities of the over-consumption of food products are borne by society [3](e.g. through public health costs, direct and indirect emissions contributing to climate change, deforestation to clear land for agriculture), and as such for social, environmental and economic reasons, policies changes are required to increase the efficiency of supply chains, reduce waste and shift food choices. The Waste and Resources Action Programme (WRAP) is the UK's leading body on food waste prevention, and has been a key global actor, working with governments, businesses and communities to deliver positive change, including national campaigns and industry-wide commitments.This innovation placement offers WRAP the opportunity to broaden its areas of capacity to include aspects of sustainable food production and consumption, specifically, shifting food choices via healthy sustainable diets and their interaction with food waste reduction. This represents a change of agenda for WRAP, which compliments their core programme of food waste reduction, and shifts WRAP to being a trusted and globally recognised voice on sustainable food policy.For this innovation placement, Dr Christian Reynolds, a Knowledge Exchange Research Fellow, will synthesise the findings of NERC and UKRI funded research projects, into novel outputs and policy advice that are accessible to WRAP and its industry partners. Dr Reynolds is a food waste and sustainable diets specialist, and is familiar with the academic research, data and skills in the University of Sheffield, the N8 Agrifood project and the broader UK research community. Dr Reynolds is located within the University of Sheffield Sustainable Food Futures which tackles global food security through integrated interdisciplinary investigations of agrifood systems. N8 Agrifood project is an interdisciplinary research programme that combines world-leading crop and livestock research with extensive expertise in social sciences across 8 research intensive universities (Durham, Lancaster, Leeds, Liverpool, Manchester, Newcastle, Sheffield and York). The N8Agrifood is focused on ensuring national and global agrifood supply chains in the face of environmental and socioeconomic challenges. The N8 have recently been awarded NERC and BBSRC funding via the IknowFood programme (York).The innovation placement will connect the research capacity of NERC, via the N8 to WRAP and their industry partners, and add value to WRAPs current operations and policy development. Key areas where Dr Reynolds will assist include:1)Portions and packaging-their effects on diet and food waste2)Untangling the relationship between what people eat and what they waste3)Developing policy advice and industry agreements based on academic research, evidence and data. This includes collaboration with UK and global partners[1]Institution of Mechanical Engineers, "Global food - Waste not, want not" London, 2013[2]T. Garnett, "Plating up solutions," Science (80-.)., vol. 353, no. 6305, 2016[3]NERC research: Grow your own-health risks and benefits of producing and consuming your own food in urban areas(Sheffield),IKnowFood (York