Geomechanical Assessment of CO2 Storage Reservoir Integrity Post-closure (GASRIP)

关闭后二氧化碳封存完整性的地质力学评估 (GASRIP)

• 批准号: NE/R013535/1
• 负责人: Ismael Falcon-Suarez
• 金额: $ 41.79万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHY CENTRE
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FR013535%2F1
• 关键词: Geomechanical; Assessment; CO2; Storage; Reservoir

Injecting carbon dioxide (CO2) into deep geological formations is recognized worldwide as the only realistic mitigation technology that can reduce current anthropogenic CO2 emissions to meet national targets by 2050. However, Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) have aroused public concerns over potential surface leakage of CO2 from geological reservoirs, limiting the number of potential storage sites. European countries, including the UK, have considered depleted oil and gas fields and saline aquifers for CO2 storage (e.g. Sleipner field, North Sea), while a number of projects in the United States have focused on CO2 injection for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in depleted or unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs.Geological reservoirs are complex systems. Their geomechanical integrity can be affected by CO2-fluid-rock interactions following injection of CO2, which can be quantified in terms of Thermal, Hydrological, Mechanical and Chemical coupled phenomena (THMCs). THMCs induced by CO2 injection can lead to detrimental enhanced seismicity and CO2 leakage to the surface. So, the advent of CCS and EOR-CCS operations has triggered the need for more research to preserve the geomechanical integrity of reservoirs during the whole CO2 storage cycle (lasting 100s years). To date, researchers have focused on the induced changes in the physical properties of the reservoir during CO2 injection (transition from brine-bearing to CO2-bearing formations) and associated overpressure effects. It is generally assumed that following the interruption of CO2 injection, the reservoir pressure decreases, the CO2 plume migrates and natural imbibition leads to aquifer recharge. However, CO2 injection is a drying process that triggers complex salt precipitation phenomena in brine saturated formations. Several studies have focused on the risks associated with porosity and permeability reduction with respect to injection efficiency and storage capacity. A less appreciated fact is that salt crystals growing under confinement have the potential to damage the rock by exerting enormous pressures (haloclasty). After ceasing the CO2 injection, the aquifer recharge leads to salt dissolution and reservoir compaction.The hypothesized reversibility of salt precipitation in CO2 storage contexts has yet to be investigated. Which phenomena do we expect to affect reservoir integrity during the natural aquifer recharge post-CO2 injection? Can we control them? The energy industry is transforming as we move to a lower carbon world; CCS and EOR-CCS are becoming essential practices for the oil and gas industry, a vital sector for the UK economy. Addressing these questions is crucial for the safe CCS operation at the scales needed to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions for the UK, and at the same time improving recovery rates from hydrocarbon reservoirs (e.g., UK North Sea fields). This project seeks to address the UK Industrial Strategy's clean energy agenda by reducing CCS risks, and providing a possible new EOR method.Geomechanical Assessment of CO2 Storage Reservoir Integrity Post-closure (GASRIP) is a project primarily designed to study how CO2-brine induced-salt precipitation/dissolution affects geomechanical integrity of CO2 storage reservoirs. By looking at changes in the elastic, mechanical and transport properties of natural sandstones in the laboratory, GASRIP will assess variations in the mechanical properties in saline siliciclastic reservoirs post-CO2 injection. By analysing carbonate-rich sandstones, GASRIP will determine the mechanical and chemical post-CO2 injection effects on chemically reactive reservoirs. This information is needed for the potential use of salt precipitation in a controlled manner to improve the transport properties and the viable production of oil and gas from tight reservoirs (EOR alternative). By integrating the results in a numerical model, GASRIP will offer a valuable tool for risk assessment of CO2 storage reservoirs post-closure.

将二氧化碳（CO2）注入深层地质构造中被世界公认为唯一现实的缓解技术，可以减少目前的人为二氧化碳排放量，以实现到2050年的国家目标。然而，碳捕获与封存（CCS）引起了公众对地质储层中二氧化碳潜在地表泄漏的担忧，从而限制了潜在封存地点的数量。包括英国在内的欧洲国家已考虑利用枯竭油气田和咸水层来封存二氧化碳（例如北海的斯莱普纳油田），而美国的许多项目则侧重于在枯竭或非常规油气藏中注入二氧化碳以提高采收率（EOR）。地质储层是复杂的系统。注入 CO2 后，它们的地质力学完整性可能会受到 CO2-流体-岩石相互作用的影响，这可以通过热、水文、机械和化学耦合现象 (THMC) 进行量化。 CO2 注入引起的 THMC 会导致有害的地震活动增强和 CO2 泄漏到地表。因此，CCS 和 EOR-CCS 作业的出现引发了开展更多研究的必要性，以在整个 CO2 封存周期（持续 100 多年）期间保持储层的地质力学完整性。迄今为止，研究人员主要关注二氧化碳注入过程中引起的储层物理性质变化（从含盐水地层到含二氧化碳地层的转变）以及相关的超压效应。一般认为，二氧化碳注入中断后，储层压力下降，二氧化碳羽流迁移，自然渗吸导致含水层补给。然而，二氧化碳注入是一个干燥过程，会在盐水饱和地层中引发复杂的盐沉淀现象。一些研究重点关注与注入效率和储存能力相关的孔隙度和渗透率降低的风险。一个鲜为人知的事实是，在限制下生长的盐晶体有可能通过施加巨大的压力（盐蚀作用）来损坏岩石。停止注入二氧化碳后，含水层补给导致盐溶解和储层压实。二氧化碳封存环境中盐沉淀的假设可逆性尚未得到研究。我们预计哪些现象会影响二氧化碳注入后天然含水层补给期间储层的完整性？我们能控制它们吗？随着我们迈向低碳世界，能源行业正在发生转变； CCS 和 EOR-CCS 正在成为石油和天然气行业的重要实践，而石油和天然气行业是英国经济的重要部门。解决这些问题对于减少英国温室气体排放所需的安全 CCS 运行至关重要，同时提高碳氢化合物储层（例如英国北海油田）的采收率。该项目旨在通过降低 CCS 风险并提供可能的新 EOR 方法来解决英国工业战略的清洁能源议程。 CO2 封存储层关闭后完整性的地质力学评估 (GASRIP) 是一个主要旨在研究 CO2 盐水诱导盐沉淀/溶解如何影响 CO2 封存储层地质力学完整性的项目。通过在实验室观察天然砂岩的弹性、机械和输运特性的变化，GASRIP 将评估注入 CO2 后盐水硅质碎屑储层的机械特性的变化。通过分析富含碳酸盐的砂岩，GASRIP 将确定二氧化碳注入后对化学反应性储层的机械和化学影响。以受控方式潜在使用盐沉淀来改善输运特性以及从致密油藏中可行地生产石油和天然气（EOR 替代方案）需要这些信息。通过将结果整合到数值模型中，GASRIP 将为 CO2 储存库关闭后的风险评估提供有价值的工具。

项目成果

Pore Fluid Distribution in Saline Sandstone CO2 Storage Reservoirs with Aligned Fractures: Experimental Geophysical Assessment.

具有对齐裂缝的盐砂岩 CO2 封存储层中的孔隙流体分布：实验地球物理评估。

• 发表时间: 2018
• 作者: Ismael Himar Falcon-Suarez

CO 2 -Brine Substitution Effects on Ultrasonic Wave Propagation Through Sandstone With Oblique Fractures

CO 2 -盐水替代对超声波在斜裂缝砂岩中传播的影响

• DOI: 10.1029/2020gl088439
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Falcon-Suarez I

Geophysical, hydraulic and mechanical properties of synthetic versus natural sandstones under variable stress conditions (BGS Discovery Metadata record)

可变应力条件下合成砂岩与天然砂岩的地球物理、水力和机械特性（BGS Discovery 元数据记录）

• DOI: 10.5285/a59128b5-8e7f-4100-b0ff-87325438435b
• 发表时间: 2018
• 作者: Ismael Himar Falcon-Suarez

GASRIP: Geomechanical Assessment of CO Storage Reservoir Integrity Post-closure

GASRIP：关闭后二氧化碳封存完整性的地质力学评估

• 发表时间: 2018
• 作者: Falcon-Suarez, I.

Transport properties of siliciclastic saline reservoirs with non-connected fractures during CO2 geosequestration

不连通裂缝硅质碎屑盐藏 CO2 封存过程中的输运特性

• 发表时间: 2018
• 作者: Muñoz-Ibañez A