NSFGEO-NERC: Quantifying the Modern and Glacial Ocean's Carbon Cycle Including Isotopes

将使用一种新的方法开发和分析现代海洋和冰川海洋碳循环的数据约束过程模型。该方法分解溶解的无机碳（DIC = Cpre + Creg）精确地插入预成型的（Cpre = Csat + Cdis）并再生（Creg = Corg + Ccaco 3）组分，其中Csat = Csat，phy + Csat，bio是平衡饱和度，Cdis = Cdis，phy + Cdis，bio是不平衡，各自具有物理和生物贡献，并且Csoft和Ccaco 3是有机（软组织）和碳酸钙（硬组织）组分。因此，DIC = Cphy + Cbio可以被分成物理Cphy = Csat，phy + Cdis，phy和生物Cbio = Csat，bio + Cdis，bio + Csoft + Ccaco 3部分。扰动实验将用于将每个组成部分、DIC和大气CO2的变化归因于单个变量（环流、海冰、温度、海平面和铁通量）的变化。不同的可行的平衡状态将产生现代和冰川海洋结合最近的创新在海洋物理学，如不同的混合参数化和通风诊断，并在海洋地球化学，如可变元素（C：P）的化学计量，溶解铁通量，沉积物的相互作用，循环的Pa/Th，和土地碳的变化。这种方法将允许定量的，基于过程的了解海洋碳储存的冰川间冰期变化，包括不确定性估计。它还将阐明碳组分对循环变化的响应。分解将扩展到碳同位素（d13 CDIC）。

Data-constrained process-based models of the modern and glacial ocean's carbon cycle will be developed and analyzed using a novel method. The method decomposes Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC = Cpre + Creg) accurately into preformed (Cpre = Csat + Cdis) and regenerated (Creg = Corg + Ccaco3) components, where Csat = Csat,phy + Csat,bio is the equilibrium saturation and Cdis = Cdis,phy + Cdis,bio the disequilibrium, each with physical and biological contributions, and Csoft and Ccaco3 are organic (soft tissue) and calcium carbonate (hard tissue) components. DIC = Cphy + Cbio can thus be separated into physical Cphy = Csat,phy + Cdis,phy and biological Cbio = Csat,bio + Cdis,bio + Csoft + Ccaco3 parts. Perturbation experiments will be used to attribute the change of each component, DIC and atmospheric CO2 to changes in individual variables (circulation, sea ice, temperature, sea level and iron fluxes). Different viable equilibrium states will be produced for the modern and glacial ocean incorporating recent innovations in ocean physics, such as different mixing parameterizations and ventilation diagnostics, and in biogeochemistry, such as variable elemental (C:P) stoichiometry, dissolved iron fluxes, sediment interactions, cycling of Pa/Th, and land carbon changes. This approach will allow quantitative, process-based understanding of glacial-interglacial changes in ocean carbon storage including uncertainty estimates. It will also elucidate the response of carbon components to circulation changes. The decomposition will be extended to carbon isotopes (d13CDIC).