VOCAL ONTOGENY OF CHUCK CALL IN SQUIRREL MONKEYS I PRODUCTION

学习对声乐发展的意义 在松猴身上产生，那么这将代表一个 灵长类声音发育与人类的重要相似之处 语音发育并可能提供第一个非人类灵长类 研究人类儿童语言发展的模型。目标 这项研究的主要目的是确定 在非人类灵长类动物中获得发声技能的学习。 具体目的是记录声乐制作的发展 松鼠猴子的查克叫声。卡盘叫来了松鼠 猴子在婴儿和成人的听觉上是不同的，是由 主要是成年女性在密切的附属互动中，以及 在声学结构上表现出强烈的个性化程度。是这样的 这些特征表明，学习可能在 这个发声子系统的成熟。结果数据分析为 目前正在进行中。超过150小时的录音和400多个小时的录音 已经收集了数小时的焦点行为数据。结果表明 幼年/幼年松鼠猴子表现出社会偏好 特别是没有血缘关系的成年雌性。社会偏好的衡量标准是 婴儿/青少年在接近、接触和 与不同的成年女性以及在数量上的社会拥挤 和活动方向，如方法、社会探索和 游戏、检索和竞技性互动。这些数据表明 婴儿之间存在着足够的差异，他们的社会 评估社会对Chuck Call发展影响的偏好。 超过1000个Chuck电话已被数字化，用于量化 声学分析。初步比较表明，一些声学上的 查克叫声的特征是婴儿从不相关的近距离学习到的 社交伙伴。未来方向先进技术的结合 生物声学技术和DNA指纹方法将用于 确定从这些参数中学习的声学参数 松鼠猴发声更是与生俱来的。关键词 声乐学习，语言发展，语言进化， 生物声学分析

Significance If learning contributes to the development of vocal production in the squirrelmonkey, then this will represent an important parallel between primate vocal development and human phonological development and may provide the first nonhuman primate model for studying language development in human children. Objectives The primary objective of this research is to determine the importance of learning in the acquisition of vocal skills in non-human primates. The specific aims are to document the development of vocal production of chuck calls in squirrel monkeys. The chuck call in squirrel monkeys is acoustically different in infants and adults, is produced primarily by adult females during close affiliative interactions, and shows a strong degree of individuality in acoustic structure. Such characteristics suggest that learning may play an important role in the maturation of this vocal subsystem. Results Data analysis is currently in progress. Over 150 hours of vocal recordings and 400 hours of focal behavioral data have been collected. Results suggest that infant/juvenile squirrel monkeys show social preferences for particular unrelated adult females. Social preference was measured by the amount of time infants/juveniles spent in proximity, contact, and social huddling with different adult females as well as in the amount and direction of activities such as approaches, social exploration and play, retrievals, and agonistic interactions. These data suggest that sufficient variation exists between infants in their social preferences to evaluate social influences on chuck call development. Over 1000 chuck calls already have been digitized for quantitative acoustic analysis. Preliminary comparison suggests that some acoustic features of chuck calls are learned by infants from unrelated close social associates. Future Directions A combination of advanced bioacoustic techniques and DNA fingerprinting methods will be used to determine the acoustic parameters that are learned from those that are more innately predisposed in squirrel monkey vocalizations. KEYWORDS vocal learning, language development, evolution of language, bioacoustic analysis