MENTAL RETARDATION AND DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOPATHOLOGY

智力低下和发育心理病理学

• 批准号: 6090000
• 负责人: DONALD J COHEN
• 金额: $ 123.55万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1978
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1978-07-01 至 2005-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6090000
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; child mental disorders; child psychology; human subject; mental retardation

This application requests five years of continued support for a Multi- disciplinary program of research on Mental Retardation and Developmental Psychopathology. The Program emphasizes the interaction of neuromaturational genetic, and environmental factors in the emergence, course of specific syndromes as well as the development of individuals with mental retardation and developmental disorders. The program is unified by shared theoretical perspectives, methods, and research strategies. Processes are studied at various levels, including genetic, molecular, brain functioning, neuropsychology, clinical symptomatology, and adaptation and competence of retarded individuals as whole people. A particular concern is the interaction of neurobiological and neuropsychological factors in the understanding and aspects of competence as well as disability. The research Project areas focus on major domains of theoretical and clinical importance in relation to understanding of mental retardation and developmental disorders. Regulation of arousal and attention to conditions of environmental and biological risk, Interaction of genetic and biological factors in the pathogenesis of Tourette's syndrome and associated disorders, Autism and Asperger Syndrome-neurocognitive studies of social development and Neurobiological and developmental processes in genetic forms of mental retardation: Williams, Prader-Willi, and autism. The Program Project includes a range of specific syndromes and disorders, including autism, Asperger, Tourette's Syndrome, Obsessive-compulsive disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Prader-Willi, and Williams syndromes, as well as children with developmental difficulties related to exposure to drugs and psychosocial adversity. These conditions are studied as important in their own right as clinical conditions and also as models for studying gene-environment interaction, developmental mechanisms, and developmental process over the course of life. Neuropsychological, behavioral, genetic, brain-function, developmental and other findings an be compared across the various diagnostic groups, to clarify basic mechanisms (such as the development of social competence) and clinical correlates (such as arousal/attentional or obsessive-compulsive symptomatology). The Program is also supported by Core Research Resources: Assessment and Biostatistics and Methodology. These core resources provide state-of-the-art collaboration and consultation for all of the Project Areas.

该申请要求对精神发育迟滞和发育精神病理学的多学科研究计划提供五年的持续支持。该计划强调神经成熟遗传因素和环境因素在特定综合征的出现、病程以及精神发育迟滞和发育障碍个体的发育中的相互作用。 该项目由共享的理论观点、方法和研究策略统一起来。过程在各个层面上进行研究，包括遗传、分子、大脑功能、神经心理学、临床症状学以及弱智个体作为完整人的适应和能力。特别值得关注的是神经生物学和神经心理学因素在能力和残疾的理解和方面的相互作用。研究项目领域侧重于与理解精神发育迟滞和发育障碍相关的具有理论和临床重要性的主要领域。对环境和生物风险条件的唤醒和注意的调节，图雷特氏综合症和相关疾病发病机制中遗传和生物因素的相互作用，自闭症和阿斯伯格综合症 - 社会发展的神经认知研究以及精神发育迟滞遗传形式的神经生物学和发育过程：威廉姆斯，普拉德威利和自闭症。该计划项目包括一系列特定的综合症和疾病，包括自闭症、阿斯伯格、抽动秽语综合症、强迫症、注意力缺陷多动障碍、普瑞德威利综合症和威廉姆斯综合症，以及因接触毒品和社会心理逆境而出现发育困难的儿童。这些病症本身与临床病症一样重要，并且可以作为研究生命过程中基因与环境相互作用、发育机制和发育过程的模型。可以对不同诊断组的神经心理学、行为、遗传、脑功能、发育和其他发现进行比较，以阐明基本机制（例如社交能力的发展）和临床相关性（例如唤醒/注意力或强迫症状）。该计划还得到核心研究资源的支持：评估、生物统计学和方法学。这些核心资源为所有项目领域提供最先进的协作和咨询。