MENTAL RETARDATION AND DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOPATHOLOGY

本申请要求五年的持续支持研究智力迟钝和发展精神病理学的多学科计划。该计划强调神经成熟遗传和环境因素在特定综合征的出现、病程以及智力迟钝和发育障碍个体发展中的相互作用。该计划由共享的理论观点，方法和研究策略统一。在不同的水平上研究过程，包括遗传、分子、脑功能、神经心理学、临床症状学以及迟钝个体作为整体的适应和能力。特别关注的是神经生物学和神经心理学因素在理解能力和残疾方面的相互作用。研究项目领域集中在与理解智力迟钝和发育障碍有关的理论和临床重要性的主要领域。对环境和生物风险条件的觉醒和注意的调节，图雷特综合征及相关疾病发病机制中遗传和生物因素的相互作用，自闭症和阿斯伯格综合征-社会发展的神经认知研究以及遗传形式的智力迟钝的神经生物学和发育过程：Williams， Prader-Willi，和自闭症。该方案项目包括一系列特定的综合症和疾病，包括自闭症、阿斯伯格症、图雷特综合症、强迫症、注意力缺陷多动障碍、普瑞德-威利综合症和威廉姆斯综合症，以及与接触药物和社会心理逆境有关的发育困难儿童。这些条件的研究与临床条件一样重要，也是研究基因-环境相互作用、发育机制和生命过程中发育过程的模型。神经心理学、行为学、遗传学、脑功能、发育和其他发现可以在不同的诊断组中进行比较，以阐明基本机制（如社会能力的发展）和临床相关性（如觉醒/注意力或强迫症症状学）。该项目还得到了核心研究资源：评估与生物统计学和方法学的支持。这些核心资源为所有项目领域提供了最先进的协作和咨询。

This application requests five years of continued support for a Multi- disciplinary program of research on Mental Retardation and Developmental Psychopathology. The Program emphasizes the interaction of neuromaturational genetic, and environmental factors in the emergence, course of specific syndromes as well as the development of individuals with mental retardation and developmental disorders. The program is unified by shared theoretical perspectives, methods, and research strategies. Processes are studied at various levels, including genetic, molecular, brain functioning, neuropsychology, clinical symptomatology, and adaptation and competence of retarded individuals as whole people. A particular concern is the interaction of neurobiological and neuropsychological factors in the understanding and aspects of competence as well as disability. The research Project areas focus on major domains of theoretical and clinical importance in relation to understanding of mental retardation and developmental disorders. Regulation of arousal and attention to conditions of environmental and biological risk, Interaction of genetic and biological factors in the pathogenesis of Tourette's syndrome and associated disorders, Autism and Asperger Syndrome-neurocognitive studies of social development and Neurobiological and developmental processes in genetic forms of mental retardation: Williams, Prader-Willi, and autism. The Program Project includes a range of specific syndromes and disorders, including autism, Asperger, Tourette's Syndrome, Obsessive-compulsive disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Prader-Willi, and Williams syndromes, as well as children with developmental difficulties related to exposure to drugs and psychosocial adversity. These conditions are studied as important in their own right as clinical conditions and also as models for studying gene-environment interaction, developmental mechanisms, and developmental process over the course of life. Neuropsychological, behavioral, genetic, brain-function, developmental and other findings an be compared across the various diagnostic groups, to clarify basic mechanisms (such as the development of social competence) and clinical correlates (such as arousal/attentional or obsessive-compulsive symptomatology). The Program is also supported by Core Research Resources: Assessment and Biostatistics and Methodology. These core resources provide state-of-the-art collaboration and consultation for all of the Project Areas.