DESI: The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument

DESI：暗能量光谱仪

• 批准号: ST/M002853/1
• 负责人: Robert Nichol
• 金额: $ 4.67万
• 依托单位: University of Portsmouth
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2015 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FM002853%2F1
• 关键词: DESI; Dark; Energy; Spectroscopic; Instrument

The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) is a massively multiplexed fibre-fed spectrograph that will make the next major advance in Fundamental Cosmology research in the timeframe 2019-2023. On the Mayall telescope, DESI will obtain spectra and redshifts for at least 18 million emission-line galaxies, 4 million luminous red galaxies and 3 million quasi-stellar objects. DESI will: (i) probe the effects of Dark Energy on the expansion history using baryon acoustic oscillations, (ii) measure the gravitational growth history through redshift-space distortions, (iii) measure the sum of neutrino masses, and (iv) investigate the signatures of cosmological inflation via primordial non-Gaussianity. The resulting 3-D galaxy maps at z < 2 and Lyman-alpha forest at z > 2 will make 1%-level measurements of the distance scale in 35 redshift bins; this will improve the precision of cosmological constraints by almost an order of magnitude compared to existing data, and be at least three times better than any result from currently planned competitor experiments. DESI will start before Euclid, will complement its redshift survey range by providing essential comparative lower and higher redshift data points, and will improve the Euclid calibrations of weak-lensing photometric redshifts. A wide range of additional science will also be possible using DESI including the study of galaxy evolution, galaxy cluster surveys, the structure of the Milky-Way galaxy and Galactic archaeology.We propose that STFC enables a core group of UK scientists with relevant technical and scientific expertise to join the DESI collaboration and take a leading role in this experiment, using a similar strategy to that adopted to join the successful Dark Energy Survey (DES) project. DES will make complementary measurements to DESI, based on imaging data and photometric redshifts, which are significantly weaker than those based on spectroscopy. By building on acknowledged UK strengths in the technologies of large optics and highly multiplexed fibre systems, this core funding will enable leading UK technical roles in the optical corrector and fibre system work packages, from which strong leverage can be secured in the scientific leadership of the DESI project and the analysis of its survey data products. This is an area where UK groups have an established track record, for example in exploitation of the 2-degree Field Galaxy Redshift Survey.DESI is an experiment that grew from the merger of the BigBOSS and DESpec studies, and will build upon STFC-funded feasibility studies for both projects. It brings together a team of people from both the particle physics and astronomy communities, with over 20 years of experience of working together on such projects. DESI is stronger than either the DES or the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) pre-cursor experiments (which led to DESpec and BigBOSS respectively) and will utilise this heritage to organise the large collaboration of scientists and engineers involved, with UK scientists playing a key role in that organisation.With this proposal, STFC has the opportunity to support key areas of UK astronomy technology, and to enable strategically important areas of UK scientific excellence in this unique cosmological experiment. We request support primarily for the technical work-packages led by UCL and Durham University on the optical corrector and optical fibre system, and for project-specific travel associated with the science working groups and DESI progress meetings. We will seek support for science exploitation separately through our STFC consolidated grants. For optimum benefit to the UK, we propose support at the level of £2.8M which will enable full participation from scientists in four of the leading UK groups involved in large-scale structure studies (Portsmouth, Durham, Edinburgh and UCL) and ensure that the survey science products are also well aligned with wider UK priorities.

暗能量光谱仪器（DESI）是一种大规模多路光纤馈送光谱仪，将在2019-2023年期间在基础宇宙学研究中取得下一个重大进展。在Mayall望远镜上，DESI将获得至少1800万个发射线星系、400万个发光红色星系和300万个准恒星物体的光谱和红移。DESI将：(i)利用重子声学振荡探测暗能量对膨胀历史的影响，（ii）通过红移空间扭曲测量引力增长历史，（iii）测量中微子质量总和，以及（iv）通过原始非高斯性研究宇宙膨胀的特征。由此产生的z < 2的三维星系图和z > 2的莱曼α森林图将在35个红移箱中进行距离尺度的1%水平测量；与现有数据相比，这将提高宇宙学约束的精度，并且至少比目前计划中的竞争实验的任何结果好三倍。DESI将在欧几里得之前开始，通过提供基本的比较低红移和高红移数据点来补充其红移调查范围，并将改进弱透镜光度红移的欧几里得校准。使用DESI，还可以进行广泛的其他科学研究，包括星系演化研究、星系团调查、银河系结构和银河考古学。我们建议，STFC使具有相关技术和科学专业知识的英国科学家核心小组加入DESI合作，并在该实验中发挥主导作用，采用与成功加入暗能量调查（DES）项目类似的策略。DES将基于成像数据和光度红移对DESI进行补充测量，这些红移明显弱于基于光谱的红移。通过建立英国在大型光学和高复用光纤系统技术方面的公认优势，该核心资金将使英国在光学校正器和光纤系统工作包中发挥领先的技术作用，从而在DESI项目的科学领导地位及其调查数据产品的分析中获得强大的杠杆作用。在这个领域，英国的研究小组已经有了良好的记录，例如利用2度的星系红移调查。DESI是由BigBOSS和DESpec研究合并而来的一个实验，并将建立在stfc资助的两个项目的可行性研究基础上。它汇集了来自粒子物理学和天文学社区的团队，他们在这类项目上有超过20年的合作经验。DESI比DES或重子振荡光谱调查（BOSS）前光标实验（分别导致DESpec和BigBOSS）更强大，并将利用这一遗产组织参与的科学家和工程师的大规模合作，英国科学家在该组织中发挥关键作用。有了这个提议，STFC有机会支持英国天文学技术的关键领域，并在这个独特的宇宙实验中实现英国科学卓越的战略重要领域。我们要求主要支持由伦敦大学学院和达勒姆大学领导的关于光学校正器和光纤系统的技术工作包，以及与科学工作组和DESI进展会议相关的项目特定旅行。我们将通过科技资助基金的综合拨款单独寻求对科学开发的支持。为了使英国获得最大的利益，我们建议提供280万英镑的支持，这将使参与大规模结构研究的四个主要英国小组（朴茨茅斯、达勒姆、爱丁堡和伦敦大学学院）的科学家充分参与，并确保调查科学产品也与更广泛的英国优先事项保持一致。

项目成果

Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: Cosmological constraints from cluster abundances and weak lensing

暗能量调查第一年结果：星团丰度和弱透镜效应的宇宙学限制

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.102.023509
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Abbott T

Dark Energy Survey year 1 results: Cosmological constraints from galaxy clustering and weak lensing

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.98.043526
• 发表时间: 2017-08
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: T. Abbott;F. Abdalla;A. Alarcon;J. Aleksić;S. Allam;S. Allen;A. Amara;J. Annis;J. Asorey-J.-As

The Payload for Ultrahigh Energy Observations (PUEO): a white paper

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/16/08/p08035
• 发表时间: 2020-10
• 期刊: Journal of Instrumentation
• 影响因子: 1.3
• 作者: Q. Abarr;P. Allison;J. Ammerman Yebra;J. Alvarez-Muñiz;J. Beatty;D. Besson;P. Chen;Y. Chen;C. Xie;J. Clem;A. Connolly;L. Cremonesi;C. Deaconu;J. Flaherty;D. Frikken;P. Gorham;C. Hast;C. Hornhuber;J. Huang;K. Hughes;A. Hynous;Y. Ku;C. Kuo;T. Liu;Z. Martin;C. Miki;J. Nam;R. Nichol;K. Nishimura;A. Novikov;A. Nozdrina;E. Oberla;S. Prohira;R. Prechelt;B. Rauch;J. M. Roberts;A. Romero-Wolf;J. W. Russell;D. Seckel;J. Shiao;D. Smith;D. Southall;G. Varner;A. Vieregg;S. Wang;Y. Wang;S. Wissel;R. Young;E. Zas;A. Zeolla

Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) Near Detector Conceptual Design Report

深层地下中微子实验（DUNE）近探测器概念设计报告

• DOI: 10.3390/instruments5040031
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Instruments
• 作者: Manly, Steven;Kordosky, Mike;On behalf of the DUNE Collaboration, null
• 通讯作者: On behalf of the DUNE Collaboration, null

First results on ProtoDUNE-SP liquid argon time projection chamber performance from a beam test at the CERN Neutrino Platform

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/15/12/p12004
• 发表时间: 2020-12-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION
• 影响因子: 1.3
• 作者: Abi, B.;Abud, A. Abed;Zwaska, R.
• 通讯作者: Zwaska, R.