Cognitive Consequences of the Stress Response

描述：(申请人提供) 这项研究的具体目的是探索认知过程的变化 与急性压力有关。这项拟议的研究扩展了先前的研究 这表明急性应激与(A)认知能力的改变有关 过程，有利于增强反应时间和短期记忆，但代价是 长期记忆巩固，以及(B)增强自动认知 过程和习惯性反应。这些具体目标旨在阐明 可能与复发有关的认知过程(具体目标1) 和成功戒毒(特定目标2)。 具体目标1.急性应激可能会促进自动认知过程 支持习惯性反应的人。实验1验证了以下假设：急性 压力与增强的自动认知过程和减少 费力的认知过程。使用一种公认的压力诱导 范式(和控制条件)参与者将完成认知任务 允许分离自动的和有意识的影响 (费力的)对言语材料的线索回忆过程。这项实验将 检查急性应激的心理、自主神经和神经内分泌指标 以及它们与自动和费力过程的措施之间的关系。 具体目标2.先前的研究已经证实，急性应激是 与增强的反应时间和短期记忆有关，代价是 长期记忆巩固。一种放松的状态，与急性相反 压力，可能与一种认知加工模式有关， 费力的、长期的和陈述性的过程。实验2测试了 一种假设，即使用减压技术的剧烈松弛状态 将与增强的长期记忆巩固和减少相关 反应速度和短时记忆能力。

DESCRIPTION: (provided by applicant) The Specific Aims of this study are to explore changes in cognitive processes associated with acute stress. The proposed study extends previous research suggesting that acute stress is associated with (a) a shift in cognitive processes, favoring enhanced reaction time and short-term memory at the expense of long-term memory consolidation, and (b) enhanced automatic cognitive processes and habitual responses. These Specific Aims are intended to elucidate the cognitive processes that may be associated with relapse (Specific Aim 1) and successful recovery (Specific Aim 2) from drug addiction. Specific Aim 1. Acute stress may facilitate the automatic cognitive processes that support habitual responses. Experiment 1 tests the hypothesis that acute stress is associated with enhanced automatic cognitive processes and reduced effortful cognitive processes. Using a well-established stress-induction paradigm (and a control condition) participants will complete cognitive tasks that allow dissociation of the influences of automatic and conscious (effortful) processes on cued recall of verbal material. This experiment will examine psychological, autonomic, and neuroendocrine indicators of acute stress and their relations with measures of automatic and effortful processes. Specific Aim 2. Previous research has established that acute stress is associated with enhanced reaction time and short-term memory at the expense of long-term memory consolidation. A state of relaxation, in contrast to acute stress, may be associated with a mode of cognitive processing that supports effortful, long-term, and declarative processes. Experiment 2 tests the hypothesis that an acute state of relaxation using a stress-reduction technique will be associated with enhanced long-term memory consolidation and reduced reaction speed and short-term memory' capacity.