INTL POPULATION STUDY ON MACRONUTRIENTS AND BP INTERMAP

描述：(改编自《调查者摘要》)此应用程序请求 支持进一步测试研究假设和探索性分析 国际合作研究--基础流行病学调查 旨在帮助澄清有关饮食因素作用的未回答问题， 尤其是常量营养素，在血压不良(BP)的病因中 中国大多数中老年人普遍存在的健康水平 美国人口。在这一总体背景下的特别关注 目的是帮助阐明这些饮食因素在会计核算中的作用 对于更不利的受教育程度较低人口阶层的BP模式，例如， 在美国，针对受教育程度较低的非裔美国人、西班牙裔美国人和白人。 Intermap的目标是在这些重要问题上取得重大进展， 设计：4700名年龄在40岁到59岁之间的男性和女性的大样本 来自17个不同种族、不同社会经济背景的不同人口样本的年龄 四个国家(中国、日本、英国和美国)的社会地位和饮食习惯 美国)。效率得到了非美国中心的主要成本分担的保证， 因此，所需资源远远少于这一范围的研究 仅在美国进行。具体目标包括阐明 蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物的数量和类型，以及氨基酸、钙、镁 抗氧化剂、纤维和咖啡因。待检验的主要假设，包括 控制体重指数、酒精摄入量、钠、钾、年龄、性别和其他混杂因素 如下所示：饮食蛋白质与血压呈负相关 教育和BP之间的关系很大程度上是由 与教育相关的饮食蛋白质摄入量的差异；有直接的 与膳食SFA的血压、胆固醇、Keys评分、淀粉的关系； PFA和P/S的反向关系，随机选择的参与者，提供 两次24小时定时尿液采集，以评估钠、钾、肌酐、尿素、 并完成了四次24小时饮食召回。每四次中每一次测量两次血压 去诊所就诊。这项研究由两个协调中心协调-- 西北大学，芝加哥和帝国医学院，伦敦。 尿液检测是在比利时鲁汶的一家中心实验室进行的。 24小时的饮食召回已被转换为营养素，在每种情况下都有使用 一个最新的、广泛的、高质量的、维护良好的国家 数据库，具有国际研究范围的标准化和质量控制。 关于多种饮食因素与BP关系的研究结果将被用于 评估营养方面的多重改善对BP的有利影响 人口。调查人员指出，这反过来应该有助于 加强饮食建议，以实现初级保健的目标 预防高血压，并将血压分布向下移动以避免 与当前水平相关的超额风险，通常高于最优水平。

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from Investigator's Abstract) This application requests support for further testing of study hypotheses and exploratory analyses in the international cooperative INTERMAP Study, a basic epidemiologic investigation designed to help clarify unanswered questions on the role of dietary factors, particularly macronutrients, in the etiology of unfavorable blood pressure (BP) levels prevailing for a majority of middle-aged and older individuals in the U.S. population. A particular focus within the context of this overall objective is to help elucidate the role of these dietary factors in accounting for the even more adverse BP patterns of less educated population strata, e.g., in the U.S. for less educated African-Americans, Hispanics, and Whites. INTERMAP aims to achieve a major advance on these important issues, based on its design: a large sample size of 4,700 men and women ages 40 to 59 years of age from 17 diverse population samples of varied ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), and dietary habits in four countries (China, Japan, UK, and the U.S.). Efficiency has been assured by major cost-sharing by non-U.S. centers, so that resources requested have been much less than for research of this scope done solely in the U.S. Specific aims involve elucidating influences on BP of amount and type of protein, lipids, carbohydrates, also amino acids, Ca, Mg, antioxidants, fiber, and caffeine. Primary hypotheses to be tested, with control for BMI, intake of alcohol, Na, K, age, sex, and other confounders are as follow: dietary protein is inversely related to BP; inverse relations between education and BP are significantly accounted for by education-correlated differences in dietary protein intake; there is a direct relation to BP of dietary SFA, cholesterol, Keys score, starch; there is an inverse relation of PFA and of P/S. Participants, randomly selected, provided two timed 24-hr urine collections for assessment of Na, K, creatinine, urea, and completed four 24-hr dietary recalls. BP was measured twice at each of four clinic visits. The study has been coordinated by two Coordinating Centers -- Northwestern University, Chicago and Imperial College of Medicine, London. Urinary determinations were made at a Central Laboratory in Leuven, Belgium. The 24-hr dietary recalls have been converted into nutrients with use in each country of an up-to-date, extensive, high quality, well maintained national data base, with international study-wide standardization and quality control. Findings on relations of multiple dietary factors to BP are to be used to estimate favorable impact on BP of multiple improvements in nutrition by populations. The investigators point out that this, in turn, should aid in enhancing dietary recommendations toward achieving the goal of primary prevention of hypertension, and shifting BP distributions downward to avoid excess risk associated with present levels, generally above optimal.