SCALE RELATIONS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPATIAL COGNITION

尺度关系和空间认知的发展

• 批准号: 6351395
• 负责人: DAVID H UTTAL
• 金额: $ 10.26万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-02-01 至 2003-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6351395
• 关键词: SCALE; RELATIONS; DEVELOPMENT; SPATIAL; COGNITION

DESCRIPTION: Issues of size and scale affect human communication, thought, and inquiry in many ways. For example, in the sciences, changes in conceptions of size and scale have had dramatic effects on the development of many core ideas. In biology, for example, the invention of the microscope made accessible a different scale of biological function. This discovery altered fundamentally conceptions of life and reproduction. The effects of changes in conceptions of scale relations might also affect children's thinking in analogous ways. Consequently, the development of children's comprehension of scale relations is an issue of substantial importance. The long term goal of the proposed research is to develop an account of how young children come to understand and use scale relations. The proposed research consists of a set of psychological experiments that are designed to be meaningful to young children. The proposal addresses two reciprocal aims. The first specific aim is to develop and test elements of an account of the development of children's understanding and use of scale relations in a specific domain, spatial cognition. Spatial tasks provide an ideal domain in which to investigate children's conception of scale relations. For example, understanding and using scale information is of critical importance to many aspects of spatial cognition, including the coordination of perspectives and the use of maps and scale models. In addition, spatial tasks are motivating and interesting for young children and have often been used to investigate the early development of many important cognitive skills. The second specific aim is to use children's performance in the scaling tasks as a window for studying the development of children's mental representations of spatial information. Scaling tasks may require that children mentally represent and systematically transform a set of spatial relations, and the ability to do this is an important milestone in the development of spatial cognition. This proposal introduces a theoretical perspective that focuses on how maps and scale models may help children (and adults) acquire information about the relations among objects in space. In addition, the results may be relevant to understanding neurological disorders, such as visual neglect and spatial agnosia, that affect the processing of spatial information. Taken together, the proposed studies would provide new information about an important, but relatively unexplored issue, the development of children's conception of scale relations. At the same time, the research would shed new light on a classic issue in cognitive development: the development of children's mental representations of spatial information.

描述：大小和规模的问题影响人类的沟通，思想， 并以多种方式进行调查。 例如，在科学领域， 大小和规模的概念对发展产生了巨大的影响 许多核心思想。 例如，在生物学中， 显微镜使生物功能的不同尺度变得可及。 这 这一发现从根本上改变了人们对生命和繁衍的观念。 的 尺度关系概念的变化也可能影响 孩子们用类似的方式思考。 因此，发展 儿童对尺度关系的理解是一个实质性的问题， 重要性 拟议研究的长期目标是开发一种 说明幼儿如何理解和使用比例关系。 这项拟议中的研究包括一系列心理实验， 是为了对幼儿有意义而设计的 该提案涉及两个 互惠的目标。 第一个具体目标是开发和测试 儿童理解和使用音阶的发展 在特定领域的关系，空间认知。 空间任务提供了 研究儿童尺度概念的理想领域 关系 例如，理解和使用规模信息是 对空间认知的许多方面至关重要，包括 协调视角以及使用地图和比例模型。 在 此外，空间任务对幼儿来说是激励性和有趣的 并且经常被用来研究许多 重要的认知技能。 第二个具体目标是利用儿童的 作为研究发展的窗口， 儿童对空间信息的心理表征。 扩展任务可以 要求孩子们在脑海中再现并系统地转换一组 空间关系的能力，这是一个重要的里程碑 空间认知的发展。 该提案提出了一个 侧重于地图和比例模型如何提供帮助的理论视角 儿童（和成人）获得关于物体之间关系的信息 在太空 此外，这些结果可能与理解 神经系统疾病，如视觉忽视和空间失认症， 影响空间信息的处理。 综合考虑， 研究将提供关于一个重要的，但相对 未被探索的问题，儿童量表概念的发展 关系 与此同时，这项研究将为一个经典的 认知发展中的一个问题：儿童心理的发展 空间信息的表达。