The Relations Between Neighborhood and Family Factors in the Healthy Development of African American Youth

非裔美国青年健康发展中邻里与家庭因素的关系

• 批准号: 9889156
• 负责人: Meeta Banerjee
• 金额: $ 14.5万
• 依托单位: CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY NORTHRIDGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-03-07 至 2020-08-24
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9889156
• 关键词: 17 year old; 5 year old; Achievement; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adoption; African American; Age; Aggressive behavior; Anxiety; Area; Attitude; Awareness; Belief; Characteristics; Child; Cluster Analysis; Collection; Color; Communities; Community Surveys; Crime; Data; Development; Dimensions; Environment; Equation; Ethnic Origin; Exposure to; Family; Future; Goals; Health; Home environment; Individual; Intervention; Lead; Link; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Modeling; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Pattern; Perception; Population; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Poverty; Prevention; Psychological Stress; Race; Reporting; Research; Risk; Sampling; Socialization; Statistical Data Interpretation; Stress; Structure; Subgroup; Testing; Violence; Well in self; Work; Youth; base; cohesion; coping; coping mechanism; early adolescence; ethnic minority population; evidence base; experience; health disparity; improved; middle childhood; neighborhood safety; parental monitoring; psychologic; psychological distress; racial and ethnic; resilience; segregation; statistics; stressor; therapy development; tool; transmission process; university student; violence exposure; young adult

ABSTRACT Understanding the adoption of early healthy coping patterns in children and young adolescents who live in violent contexts can reveal strengths that are vital in both families and individuals who reside in neighborhoods characterized by high crime, poverty, racial segregation and family stress. Research has shown that youth who consistently experience and witness community violence in their neighborhoods are at increased risk for psychological issues such as PTSD, depression, and anxiety. Scholars have indicated that for African American populations, subjective measures such as reports of neighborhood stress are associated with more psychological distress, while youth perceptions of neighborhood cohesion are related to lower levels of psychological stress. Coming home to a family who is aware of and discussing explicitly coping measures to be taken in such contexts allows youth to develop resilience that gives them the tools necessary to look beyond their environment to a different future. One such tool is racial-ethnic socialization (RES), defined as the transmission of attitudes, beliefs and values surrounding race/ethnicity. The focus of this proposed project is to understand how neighborhood factors are related to race-related socialization and healthy development of African American children. The proposed project will collect data from a sample of 100 African American children ages 8-15 and their parents within the first two years of the study to explore how subjective and objective characteristics of neighborhoods is associated with mental health outcomes. Additionally, we seek to understand if RES moderates the effects of neighborhood factors on mental health outcomes. We will be using the collected data to examine each of our aims. Aim 1 identifies objective and subjective neighborhood profiles that serve as a basis for understanding how these profiles link to mental health outcomes for youth (Aim 2). Finally, Aim 3 examines how neighborhood profiles and mental health outcomes can be mitigated by ERS, providing evidence-based data for future interventions in racial-ethnic socialization.

摘要 了解儿童和青少年采用早期健康应对模式 生活在暴力环境中的青少年可以显示出在这两方面都至关重要的优势， 居住在犯罪率高的社区的家庭和个人， 贫困、种族隔离和家庭压力。研究表明， 经常经历和目睹社区暴力的人， 增加心理问题的风险，如创伤后应激障碍，抑郁和焦虑。 学者们指出，对于非裔美国人，主观衡量标准 比如邻里压力的报告与更多的心理困扰有关， 虽然年轻人对邻里凝聚力的看法与较低的 心理压力回到家，面对一个知道并明确讨论 在这种情况下采取的应对措施使青年能够发展复原力， 为他们提供了必要的工具，使他们能够超越环境，看到不同的未来。 其中一个工具是种族-族裔社会化，其定义是： 关于种族/族裔的态度、信仰和价值观。本次提出的重点 项目是为了了解邻里因素如何与种族相关 促进非裔美国儿童的社会化和健康发展。拟议 一个项目将收集100名8 - 15岁非裔美国儿童的样本数据， 他们的父母在头两年的研究，以探讨如何主观和 社区的客观特征与心理健康结果相关。 此外，我们试图了解RES是否会缓和邻里的影响， 心理健康结果的因素。我们将使用收集的数据来检查每个 我们的目标。目标1确定了客观和主观的邻域配置文件， 作为理解这些概况如何与青年心理健康结果联系的基础 (Aim 2）。最后，目标3研究了邻里概况和心理健康 结果可以通过ERS减轻，为未来提供基于证据的数据 对种族-民族社会化的干预。