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Discovery and analysis of effector genes in th eparasitic weed striga asiatica: a multifaceted genomics approach

寄生杂草独脚金效应基因的发现和分析：多方面的基因组学方法

基本信息

批准号：
1657393
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Sheffield
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2015 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1657393
关键词：
Discovery analysis effector genes th

项目摘要

Parasitic plants are plants that rely entirely or partly on another plant in order to survive and reproduce [1]. In Africa, two parasitic plants causing particularly high levels of damage to cereal crops are Striga hermonthica and Striga asiatica. Both of which attach to the roots of their host plant and cause massive reductions in yield [2]. The development of resistant cultivars is seen as an important part of the strategy to tackle these parasites, but progress has been hampered, in part, by a lack of understanding of the molecular genetic basis of the interaction between the host and parasite [3]. To this end, it is important to better understand the molecular basis of resistance in the host and of virulence in the parasite. The latter is the broad aim of this project.I aim to use a combination of genomics, transcriptomics and bioinformatics to compare and analyze different isolates of the root parasitic plant Striga asiatica at the molecular level, with the goal of selecting candidate genes that may function as effectors for parasite virulence. Effectors are proteins secreted by parasites, which are predicted to modify the function and/or structure of the host in order to facilitate parasite fitness [4]. The discovery of such proteins from parasitic pants would open new avenues of research that would likely lead to the identification of novel resistance genes in host plants that could be invaluable to crop breeders. Initially, the genomes of virulent and avirulent isolates of S. asiatica will be compared for the presence/absence of genes, when growing on particular rice cultivars. This initial analysis will be followed up with a bioinformatics pipeline that will annotate the genomes according to known effector-properties from other pathosystems, in order to generate a list of potential candidate effectors. This list will be refined by integrating transcriptomics data, which will provide information on genes differentially regulated in the infection organ of the parasite (called the haustorium). A selection of the most promising candidates will be functionally analyzed in order to determine; (i) whether the gene plays a role in virulence and (ii) if a role in virulence is detected then further analysis will aim to characterize precisely how it functions.

寄生植物是指完全或部分依赖其他植物生存和繁殖的植物。在非洲，有两种寄生植物对谷类作物造成特别严重的损害，它们是禾曲菌和亚洲曲菌。这两种病菌都附着在寄主植物的根部，导致产量大幅下降。抗性品种的开发被视为应对这些寄生虫战略的重要组成部分，但由于缺乏对寄主与寄生虫[3]相互作用的分子遗传基础的了解，进展一直受到阻碍。为此，重要的是要更好地了解宿主的耐药性和寄生虫的毒力的分子基础。后者是这个项目的主要目标。我的目标是利用基因组学、转录组学和生物信息学的结合，在分子水平上比较和分析根寄生植物亚洲曲菌的不同分离株，以选择可能作为寄生虫毒力效应因子的候选基因。效应器是寄生虫分泌的蛋白质，可以改变宿主的功能和/或结构，以促进寄生虫的适应性。从寄生植物中发现这种蛋白质将开辟新的研究途径，可能导致鉴定寄主植物中的新型抗性基因，这对作物育种者来说是无价的。首先，在特定水稻品种上生长时，将比较亚洲葡萄球菌强毒株和无毒株的基因组是否存在基因。这一初步分析将通过生物信息学管道进行跟进，该管道将根据来自其他病理系统的已知效应物特性对基因组进行注释，以生成潜在候选效应物的列表。这一清单将通过整合转录组学数据来完善，转录组学数据将提供有关寄生虫感染器官（称为吸器）中差异调节基因的信息。将对选出的最有希望的候选人进行功能分析，以便确定；(i)该基因是否在毒力中起作用；（ii）如果检测到在毒力中起作用，那么进一步的分析将旨在准确描述其功能。